ions, compounds + equations

Question 1

what elements have a +1 charge

Answer 1

group 1 metals
hydrogen
silver
gold
ammonium

Question 2

what elements have a +2 charge

Answer 2

group 2 metals
zinc
copper (II)
iron (II)
tin
lead

Question 3

what elements have a +3 charge

Answer 3

group 3 metals
iron (III)

Question 4

what elements have a -3 charge

Answer 4

group 5
phosphate ions

Question 5

what elements have a -2 charge

Answer 5

group 6
carbonate ions
sulfate ions

Question 6

what elements have a -1 charge

Answer 6

group 7
nitrate ions
hydroxide ions

Question 7

what is the formula of the most common polyatomic ions in chemistry (there are 6)

Answer 7

NH4+ (ammonium)
OH- (hydroxide)
NO3- (nitrate)
CO3 2- (carbonate)
SO4 2- (sulfate)
PO4 3- (phosphate)

Question 8

what are the steps for determining ionic formula

Answer 8

1. identify ionic charges
2. combine ions together to get a neutral compound (swap method)

Question 9

when do we use brackets in ionic formula

Answer 9

when there is more than one polyatomic ion

Question 10

write the formula for the ionic compound lithium sulfate

Answer 10

Li2SO4

Question 11

write the formula for calcium phosphate

Answer 11

Ca3(PO4)2

Question 12

what are spectator ions

Answer 12

ions that do not change state
do not change oxidation number

Question 13

what are the steps for writing an ionic equation

Answer 13

take full equation
separate (aq) ions
cancel out spectator ions

Question 14

what are basic steps for balancing an equation

Answer 14

balance metals
balance polyatomic ions
balance everything else