Ions And Formulas

Question 1

What do we call atoms that have lost or gained electrons?

Answer 1

Ions

Question 2

Name an example of an ion from each group; 1,2,6 and 7

Answer 2

1=Li+
2=Na2+
6=O2-
7=Cl-

Question 3

How do we work out the formula of an ionic compound if only given the group numbers of the elements.

Answer 3

The group number tells us the number of electrons within the outer shell of the ions. From this we can work out the charges of the ions. We know that the overall charge of any compound is equal to zero so once we have the charges of the ion we decide how many of each ion we need to balance the compound.

Question 4

In terms of ions and bonding, what happens when group two elements react with halogens.

Answer 4

Atoms in group need to lose 2 electrons in order to become stable and have a full outer shell. This makes them ions with a charge of 2+. The halogens atoms need 1 electron to become stable so they each gain an electron to become halide ions with a charge of 1-. The electrostatic attraction between these oppositely charged ions holds them together as an ionic compound.

Question 5

Which groups on the periodic table are most likely to form ions?

Answer 5

groups 1,2,6 and 7

Question 6

Describe the electronic structure of an ion

Answer 6

They have a full outer shell of electrons thus the same electronic structure as noble gases

Question 7

What ions form when an alkali reacts with a non metal

Answer 7

The alkali metal loses an electron from its outer shell becoming a ion with a single positive charge, whereas the non metals gain electrons to become negatively charged ions.