Ions Flashcards
What is an ion
A charged particle
What is a positive ion called
Cation
What is a negative ion called
Anion
How is an ion formed
When an atom gains or looses electrons to make a complete outer shell
Why do atoms want a full outer shell
A full outer shell means that the atom will be stable
How is the overall charge of an ion deciphered
Number of positive protons and number or negative electrons
What is an isotope
Atoms with the same atomic number, i.e same amount of protons but a different mass number, indicating more neutrons in the nucleus
Calculating RAM
Mass number x percentage
—————————————
100
What is a compound
A substance formed when two or more different elements are chemically combined
What is Ionic Bonding
Ionic bonding is strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
Between what does ionic bonding occur
Metal and a non-metal
Do ionic compounds have a charge?
Ionic compounds do not have a charge as the two different sets of / two different ions cancel each others charge e.g Na+ + Cl- =NaCl as the 1+ and the 1- cancel each other out
How are ionic bonds structured
Ionic lattice, a 3D network of positive and negative ions held together by electrostatic attraction between the oppositely charged ions
Properties of ionic compounds
- Cannot conduct electricity when solid, the ions cannot move and carry charge
- Can conduct electricity when molten, the ions can move and carry a charge
- Most ionic compounds are soluble in water
- High MP and BP and are solid at RT as substantial amounts of energy are required to break the strong electrostatic attraction between the oppositely charged ions
- Brittle, as, when struck, the layers can move and if two similarly charged ions are next to each-other they will repel away, breaking the structure
