Ionotropic Receptors

Question 1

what do mechanically gated ion channels respond to

Answer 1

pressure

Question 2

what are ionotropic receptors

Answer 2

they are ligand gated ion channles

ionotropic recepetors are membrane bound receptor proteins

when lignas binds thry open and allow ions such as na+, k+, ca2+ or cl-

this flow of ions can either casue depolarization for a excitatory response or a hyperpolarozation for an inhibitory response

Question 4

p2x receptors

Answer 4

respomds to atp and adp

involves in contraction in smooth muscle and platelet aggeregation

Question 5

two neurons in series of the autonomic nervous system

Answer 5

pre-ganglionic and post ganglionic

synapse which is the gap is known as the ganglion

post-ganglionic nerves are not myelinated

Question 6

main sympathethic effects

Answer 6

release noradrenaline and adrenaline neurotransmitters

increases heart rate, bronchioles dilate and blood glucose concentration increases

gastrointestinal molity decreases

Question 7

main parasympathetic effects

Answer 7

release of acetlycholine

decreases of heart rate dilares visceral blood vesselsa and increases digestive activity

relaxation of sphicnters and allows for urination by contraction the detrusor muscle

contract cilliary muscles in the eyes

Question 8

nicotinic receptors

Answer 8

they are ionotropic and embedded in the cell membrane

protein with five subunits two alphas, beta, gamma and epsilon

either a tetrametric or pentameric assembly