ionisation energies

Question 1

first ionisation energy

Answer 1

energy required when one mole of gaseous atoms forms one mole of gaseous ions with a single positive charge

Question 2

what is the first ionisation energy of hydrogen

Answer 2

H (g) —> H+ + e-

Question 3

second ionisation energy

Answer 3

energy required when one mole of gaseous ions with a single positive charge forms one mole of gaseous ions with a double positive charge

Question 4

what is the second ionisation energy of Ti

Answer 4

Ti+ —> Ti2+ + e-

Question 5

factors that affect ionisation energy

Answer 5

1. attraction of the nucleus (the more protons in the nucleus, the greater the attraction)
2. the distance of the electrons from the nucleus (bigger the atom, the further the outer electrons are from the nucleus and the weaker the attraction to the nucleus)
3. shielding of the attraction of the nucleus (an electron in an outer shell in repelled by electrons in complete inner shells, weakening the attraction of the nucleus)

Question 6

explain nuclear charge/attraction of the nucleus

Answer 6

the more protons in the nucleus, the greater the attraction and vice versa

Question 7

explain distance of attraction of electrons from the nucleus

Answer 7

bigger the atom, the further the outer electrons are from the nucleus and the weaker the attraction to the nucleus

Question 8

explain shielding

Answer 8

an electron in an outer shell in repelled by electrons in complete inner shells, weakening the attraction of the nucleus