Ionisation energies Flashcards

1
Q

First Ionisation energy

A

-energy needed to remove 1 electron from each atom in 1 mole of gaseous atoms to form 1 mole of gaseous 1+ ions.

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2
Q

Energy put in to ionise an atom or molecule

A

-endothermic process

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3
Q

Factors affecting ionisation energy

A
  • nuclear charge
  • electron shell
  • sheilding
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4
Q

nuclear charge

A
  • more protons in nucleus

- more positively charged nucleus is and stronger attraction for electrons

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5
Q

Electron shell

A
  • attraction falls off very rapidly with distance

- electron in an electron shell close to nucleus will be much more strongly attracted than one in a shell further away

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6
Q

Shielding

A
  • as a number of electrons between outer electrons and nucleus increases outer electrons feel less attraction towards nuclear charge
  • lessening of pull of the nucleus by inner shells of electrons called shielding
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7
Q

high ionisation energy

A
  • strong attraction between the electron and the nucleus

- more energy needed to overcome the attraction and remove the electron

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8
Q

first ionisation energy decrease down a group

A
  • easier to remove outer electron
  • further done group so extra electron shells
  • atomic radius is larger so outer electrons further away from nucleus so reduces attraction greatly
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9
Q

Successive ionisation energy

A
  • within each shell successive ionisation energies increase
  • electrons being released from an increasingly positive ion
  • less repulsion amongst remaining electrons so held more strongly by the nucleus
  • big jumps in ionisation energy happen when a new shell is broken into so electrons being removed from shell close to nucleus
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