Electronic Structure Flashcards
1
Q
Quantum shells / energy levels
A
- electrons move around them around the nucleus
- they’re all given numbers = principal quantum numbers
- shells further away from nucleus have a greater energy level than shells closer to nucleus
- shells contain different type of sub shells
2
Q
sub shells
A
- they all have different number of orbitals
- a subdivision of electron shells separated by electron orbitals
3
Q
S
A
- 1 orbital
- maximum electrons = 2
- spherical
4
Q
P
A
- 3 orbitals
- maximum electrons = 6
- dumbell shape at right angles of one and another
5
Q
D
A
- 5 orbitals
- maximum electrons = 10
6
Q
F
A
- 7 orbitals
- maximum electrons = 14
7
Q
1st shell
A
1s
-2 electrons
8
Q
2nd shell
A
2s 2p
-8 electrons
9
Q
3rd shell
A
3s 3p 3d
-18 electrons
10
Q
4th shell
A
4s 4p 4d 4f
-32 electrons
11
Q
Orbitals
A
- a bit of space that an electron moves in
- orbitals within the same subshell have the same energy
12
Q
Spin pairing
A
-electrons in each orbital have to spin in opposite direction
13
Q
Arrows
A
-represent electrons spinning in opposite directions
14
Q
Cr + Cu
A
- donate one of their 4s electrons to the 3d subshell
- more stable with full or half full d-subshell
