Ionic Compounds And Analysis Flashcards
Why can an ionic compound be conductive when in a liquid state but not when solid
It has charged particles (ions) but they aren’t free to move around when solid, but when it’s a liquid they can so they fulfil the two conditions needed to conduct electricity
What are the properties of ionic compounds for temperature pints and why do they have them
High melting and boiling points so they are usually solid at room temperature. This is because ionic bonds are very strong and need lots of energy to break the solid into a liquid and gas as bonds need to be broken. This is why the boiling and melting points are so high
How are salts made
By reacting an acid and alkali to make salt and water
What is a precipitate
A solid insoluble substance formed in a reaction between two soluble substances
Name soluble salts
All sodium, ammonium and potassium salts All nitrates Most chlorides Most sulphites Sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, ammonium carbonate Na/K/ammonium hydroxide
Name insoluble salts
Silver and lead chrloide
Lead, barium and calcium sulphate
Most carbonates
Most hydroxides
What is a barium meal and what is it for
It’s a drink with barium sulphate and is drunk by patients for digestive system problem diagnosis. It appears opaque in x rays and builds up in areas of abnormalities. This allows a doctor to find out problems.
Even though barium salts are toxic, why can barium meals be consumed
It’s salts are insoluble so they can’t enter the blood meaning they are safe to eat.
What colour do these metal ions burn Sodium Potassium Copper Calcium
Sodium yellow
Potassium lilac
Calcium red
Copper blue green
How to test for chloride ions in solution
Add a few drops of dilute nitric acid to the solution and shake
Then add a few drops of silver nitrate, if a white ppt forms then it has chloride ions
How to identify sulphate ions in solution
Add a few drops of dilute HCl to the solution and shake
Then add a few drops of barium chloride to the solution. If a white pot forms there are sulphate ions
How can you test for carbonate ions
Add any acid to the substance and if a gas is produced, bubble it through limewater, if it goes cloudy, there is carbonate ions
What are ionic compounds made of
A metal positive ion and a negative non metal ion
