Ionic compounds and analysis

Question 1

What happens in ionic bonding?

Answer 1

Electrons are transferred

Question 2

What groups are the most likely to form ions?

Answer 2

Groups 1,2,6,7

Question 3

What is the structure in an ionic compound?

Answer 3

Regular lattice structure

Question 4

What are two properties of ionic compounds?

Answer 4

1. They have high melting and boiling points

2. They conduct electricity when aqueous or molten

Question 5

What common salts are soluble?

Answer 5

Sodium,Potassium and ammonium salts

Question 6

Are nitrates soluble?

Answer 6

Yes

Question 7

What common chlorides are insoluble?

Answer 7

Silver and lead chloride

Question 8

What common sulfates are insoluble?

Answer 8

Lead,barium and calcium

Question 9

What common carbonates and hydroxides are soluble?

Answer 9

Sodium, potassium and ammonium

Question 10

What reaction can you use to make an insoluble salt?

Answer 10

Precipitation reaction

Question 11

What can barium sulfate be used for?

Answer 11

X-Rays

Question 12

what colour do sodium ions give in a flame test?

Answer 12

Yellow/orange

Question 13

what colour do potassium ions give in a flame test?

Answer 13

Lilac

Question 14

what colour do calcium ions give in a flame test?

Answer 14

brick-red

Question 15

what colour do copper ions give in a flame test?

Answer 15

Blue-green

Question 16

What is the test for carbonates

Answer 16

1.Bubble gas through LIMEWATER. If it is CO2, limewater turns milky.
2. Use this to test for carbonate ions, because carbonates react with acids to form carbon dioxide
3. Equation
acid+carbonate—– salt+water+carbon dioxide

Question 17

What is the test for sulfates?

Answer 17

1. Add dilute HCl, then barium chloride solution.

2. White precipitate of Barium sulphate means original compound was a sulphate

Question 18

What is the test for chlorides?

Answer 18

1. Add dilute nitric acid(HNO3), then silver nitrate solution(AgNO3)
2. Chloride gives white precipitate of silver chloride