Ionic compounds (2.1)

Question 1

What is a chemical bond?

Answer 1

The force of attraction between 2 atoms or 2 ions

Question 2

What are the two type of chemical bonds?

Answer 2

1) Ionic (metal and non-metal)
2) Molecular/covalent (Non-metal and non-metal)

Question 3

What is an electrolyte?

Answer 3

A substance that forms a solution that conducts electrcity (Compounds that dissolve in water) (They are ions that are freely flowing)

Question 4

What is Electrostatic force + What is ionic bonds?

Answer 4

The force that attracts positively charged objects to a negatively charged object (RELATES TO IONIC BONDS) [defined as the bond between a pos ion and a neg ion, where a valence electron is transfered from a metal to a non metal)

Question 5

What are the properties of ionic compounds? (5)
(w/o explaining)

Answer 5

1) Hard
2)Brittle
3) High melting point in comparasion to covalent compounds
4) Conducts electrcity as molten liquid, and conducts electrcity when dissolved in water (Which is why they are called electrolytes)
5) Usually solid at room temperature.

Question 6

Explain WHY ionic compoints have these properties (3)

Answer 6

“High melting point”
–> The ions are being held by a very strong electrostatic force (they are hard to pull a part), the higher the melting point, the stronger the bond.

“Hard”
–> Their bonds resists being stretched because of their strong electrostatic force and their crystal lattice structure.

“Easily cracked/fractured”
–> When hit by a hammer, the crystal lattice structure is offset, where before the structure was arranged pos, neg, pos, and now the charges are alligned (pos, pos, pos) then (neg, neg, neg) therefore repulsive forces break the structure

Question 7

Ionic bonds structure is?

Answer 7

Crystal lattice structure, which means they are arranged by pos, neg pos, neg, pos neg, in a 3rd structure.

Not all ionic bonds exsits as cubric structures.
–> Different ionic bonds have different size ions, different strengths of attraction.

Question 8

What is the smallest unit of an ionic bond?

Answer 8

Smallest unit: Is known as the “formula unit” which is the term to describe the smallest whole unit of the bond (which is the repeating unit of the bond). ie: formula unit of h2o is H2O.

Covalents bond unit is MOLECULE.

Question 9

Why are ionic compounds electrolytes?

Answer 9

When placed in water, water mlecules surround each ion in the bond, seperarating it from the crystal. Therefore, the crystal “breaks: and dissolves into the solution.
–> Creates ions in the water, freely moving ions = electric charges.