ionic compounds

Question 1

what structure do they have?

Answer 1

they have a regular lattice structure
= giant ionic lattice

Question 2

ions in an ionic compound:

Answer 2

• form a closely packed regular lattice arrangement
• very strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions in all directions.

Question 3

sodium chloride ball & stick model:

Answer 3

• shows the regular pattern
• shows how the ions are arranged
• not to scale
• in reality, there are no gaps between atoms

Question 4

sodium chloride 3D model:

Answer 4

• shows relative size of ions
• shows regular pattern of an ionic crystal
• only shows the outer layer of the compound
• not to scale

Question 5

properties:

Answer 5

• high melting/boiling points: strong electrostatic bonds between ions, take lots of energy to overcome.
• only conduct when molten or in solution: when solid, ions held in place so they can’t carry electrical current.

Question 6

how to find out the empirical formula:

Answer 6

1) find out where the ions are on the periodic table.
2) work out the charges and balance so the formula equals zero.