Ionic Bonds and Ionic Compounds (Chapter 6, Lesson 2) Flashcards
Ionic Bond
The electrostatic force that holds oppositely charged particles together in a ionic compound.
Ionic Compounds
Compounds that contain ionic bonds.
What occurs between metals and the nonmetal oxygen in ionic bonds?
Oxide forms
Binary ionic compounds
Contain a metallic cation and a nonmetallic anion
Practice Problem:
Sodium and Nitrogen
find the ionic compound
Na3N
Other ionic compounds are…
aside from oxide
salts
What does binary mean?
The compounds contain only two different elements
Example: (NaCl)
Ions are packed into a regular repeating pattern that…
balances the forces of attraction and replusion between ions
Crystal Lattice
strong attractions among the positive ions and the negative ions in an ionic compound
What type of arrangement is a crystal lattice?
a three-dimensional geometric arrangement
Bulk physical properties of ionic crystals
- Melting point
- Boiling point
- Hardness
(+ or o) Ionic crystals are strong.
+
(they’re hard, rigid, and brittle)
(+ or o) Ionic crystals are strong conductors of energy.
o
Endothermic
reactions that absorb energy
Exothermic
reactions that release energy
What is always exothermic?
The formation of ionic compounds from positive ions and negative ions.
Lattice energy
energy required to seperate 1 mol of ions of an ionic compound
The greater the lattice energy…
…the stronger the force of attraction
(+ or o) Lattice energy is related to ion size.
+
As the distance between opposite charges decrease…
the electrostatic force of attraction between opposite charges increase
Smaller ions form compounds with more closely spaced ionic charges…
…so they have stronger attractions and greater lattice energy.
