Ionic Bonds Flashcards
What is the definition of ionic bonds
Ionic bonds are the strong electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions
How can you find the charge of a metal and non metal
Metal ions is equal to its group number
The charge on a non metal ion is equal to its group number minus eight
What two things affect the strength of an ionic bond
Ionic charges-the greater the ionic on an ion the stronger the ionic bonds and therefore the higher the melting or boiling point
Ionic radii-Electrostatic attraction gets weaker with distance so small closely packed ions have stronger ionic bonding than larger ions therefore they have higher melting and bioling points
What does the formula of an ionic compound tell you
Tells you what ions a compound has in it
Why does the ionic radius increase as you go down a group
Group 1 ions have the same charge
Going down a group the ionic radius increases as the atomic radius increases
This is because extra shells are added
What does isoelectric mean
Ions of different atoms with the same number of electrons.
The ionic radius of a set of isoelectronic ions decreases as the atomic number increases
Why does the radius of an isoelectronic radius decrease as you go down the group
-Number of electrons stays the same, but the number of protons increase
-This means that the electrons
are attracted to the nucleus more strongly, pulling them in a little, so the ionic radius decreases.
Why do ionic compound form giant ionic lattice
It forms because each ion is electrostatically attracted in all directions to ions of the opposite charge.
In what form are ionic crystals in
Giant lattice
Why is it called giant ionic lattice
The structure’s called ‘giant’ because it’s made up of the same basic unit repeated over and over again.
What do ions having a high melting points prove
this tells you that the ions are held together by a strong attraction. Positive and negative ions are strongly attracted, so the model fits the evidence.
What do ionic bonds being soluble in water but not in non polar solvents tell you
this tells you that the particles are charged. The ions are pulled apart by polar molecules like water, but not by non-polar molecules. Again, the model of ionic structures fits this evidence.
What do ionic compound not conducting electricity when there solid but molten tell you
This supports the idea that there are ions, which are fixed in position by strong ionic bonds in a solid, but are free to move (and carry a charge) as a liquid or in a solution.
What can’t an ionic compound like NaCl be shaped
If you tried to pull layers of NaCl over each other, you’d get negative chlorine ions directly over other negative chlorine ions (and positive sodium ions directly over each other). The repulsion between these ions would be very strong, so ionic compounds are brittle. This supports the lattice model.
What do migration of ions prove
The presence of charged particles because cations move to the cathode and anions move to the anode
