ionic bonding Flashcards
define ionic bodning
electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
why do ionic compounds have a high melting point
- Ionic bonds are very strong
- In a giant ionic lattice there are lots of ionic bonds
- Breaking all the ionic bonds requires a large amount of energy
Why do some ionic compounds have higher melting points
Their ions have higher charges.
This makes the attraction between the ions even stronger and harder to break.
Why can ionic compound conduct in liquid/molten but not solid?
In solid ions can’t move freely but in liquid ionic bonds are broken down so ions can move freely
How are cations formed
metal atoms loose electrons to form positively charged ions
How are anions formed
non-metal atoms gain electrons to form negatively charged ions
define oxidation
the loss of electrons or gain of oxygen
define reduction
the gain of electrons or loss of oxygen
what two element does ionic bonding occur between
metals and non metals
other properties in ionic compounds
Brittle
Usually soluble in water
Crystalline
why are metals ductile/malleable
This property allows metals to be drawn into wires. It occurs because of the ability of metal atoms to slide over each other without breaking the metallic bond. The delocalized electrons in metals allow the layers of atoms to move while maintaining the overall metallic structure.
why are metals shiny
Metals appear shiny because they have a high reflectivity. When light hits the surface of a metal, the delocalized electrons can absorb and re-emit the light, giving metals their characteristic luster.
