Ionic Bonding Flashcards
Ionic compound
A substance that forms when one atom donates an electron to another. Occurs between a metal and non-metal.
Forming an ionic compound
The metal atoms donates its electron/s to the non-metal atom, hence forming a cation.
The non-metal accepts these electrons forming anions.
The new cations and ions then arrange themselves into a large 3D lattice.
The electrostatic force of attraction between the anions and cations is what holds the lattice together.
High melting and boiling point
The electrostatic attraction between anions and cations in the lattice are strong, which means a lot of energy is required to overcome this and change its state.
Hardness and Brittleness
The strong electrostatic forces means the crystal doesn’t like to be disrupted give its hard like property. When sufficient force is applied to the structure the anions and cations slide of each other causing like charges to become closer which increases the force of repulsion between them causing the lattice to shatter.(Brittleness)
Electrical Conductivity:
When the lattice is in a solid state the charged particles are fixed and cannot move.
When its dissolved in water or melted the charged particles are free to move.
Solubility
Solubility depends on the electrostatic attraction in the lattice. If the particles in the lattice are more strongly attracted to each other than to the water it will not dissolve.
