Ionic Bonding Flashcards
Why do chemical bonds form?
Atoms bond together to share or transfer electrons to achieve a more stable electron arrangement, often a full outer main level of electrons, like the noble gases
What types of atoms does ionic bonding occur between?
Ionic bonding occurs between metals and non metal atoms
Are electrons transferred or shared in ionic bonding?
In ionic bonding electrons are transferred
Electrons are transferred during ionic bonding. Do non - metals transfer electrons to metals or do metals transfer electrons to non - metals?
Metals transfer electrons to non metals
What does ionic bonding form at the end?
Ionic bonding forms either positive ions (cations) or negative ions (anions)
What are cations? What are anions?
Cations are positively charged ions that have lost electrons
Anions are negatively charged ions that gained electrons
What are noble gases?
Noble gases are atoms that do not easily react with other elements
Metals lose their outer electrons in order to form the electron structure of a noble gas. Why is this?
Metals normally have one, two or three electrons in their main outer levels, so for metals to get the electron structure of a noble gas is to lose their outer electrons
Non metals gain electrons in order to form the electron structure of a noble gas. Why is this?
Non metals have spaces in their outermost main levels, so the easiest way for them to attain the electron structure of a noble gas is to gain electrons
Ionic bonding is the result of what?
Ionic bonding is the result of electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
What is the structure of ionic compounds called?
These ionic compounds always exist in structures called lattice
What are the properties of ionically bonded compounds?
Ionic compounds are:
- Always solid at room temp
- Have high melting temps
- Conduct electricity when molten/dissolved in water (aqueous)
- They are brittle and shatter easily when given sharp blows
Ionically bonded compounds have giant structures, which result in high melting temperatures. Why is this?
Ionically bonded compounds have giant structures that exist in structures called lattices. In order to melt the compound, high energy must be supplied to break up the lattice of ions
Ionically bonded compounds are brittle and shatter easily when given a sharp blow. Why is this?
Ionically bonded compounds are brittle and shatter easily because they form a lattice of alternating positive and negative ions. A blow in any direction may move the ions with like charges, towards each other which will cause them to repel, shattering the structure
Ionically bonded compounds conduct electricity, when molten/dissolved in water (aqueous) but NOT when solid. Why is this?
Ionically bonded compounds only conduct electricity when molten/dissolved in water (aqueous) because ions that carry the current are free to move in the liquid state but free to move in the solid state
