ionic and covalent bonding Flashcards
what are the three types of bonding
- ionic
- covalent
- metallic
what are the four types of structure
- giant ionic lattice (ionic bond)
- simple molecular (covalent bond)
- giant covalent (covalent bond)
- giant metallic lattice (metallic bond)
what is a giant ionic bond
- when a metal is bonded to a non-metal
e.g sodium chloride (NaCl)
how are ionic bonds shown
dot and cross diagram
- by taking electrons
what is a covalent bond
- when a non-metal bonds with a non-metal
- they share electrons
how are covalent bonds shown
dot an cross diagram
- by sharing electrons
what melting/boiling point to giant ionic substances have
high
why do giant ionic substances have high melting/boiling points
- strong ionic bonds
- giant ionic lattice
- requires a lot of energy to break
when do giant ionic substances conduct electricity
when molten or dissolved in solution
why can giant ionic substances only conduct electricity when dissolved in a solution
- ions are free to move and carry charge
- ions are not free to move when solid
what are examples of giant covalent substances
diamond and graphite
what melting/boiling points do giant covalent substances have
very high
why do giant covalent substances have very high melting/boiling points
- strong covalent bonds
- giant covalent lattice
- requires lots of energy to break
why does graphite conduct electricity
it has delocalised electrons free to move and carry charge
why doesn’t diamond conduct electricity
it doesn’t have delocalised electrons
how are simple molecular bonds formed
when a non-metal reacts with another non-metal
what melting/boiling points do simple molecular bonds have
low
why do simple molecular bonds have low melting/boiling points
- weak intermolecular forces between molecules
- doesn’t require a lot of energy to break
why do simple molecular bond never conduct electricity
they don’t have free ions or delocalised electrons
what melting/boiling points to giant metallic bonds have
high
why do giant metallic bonds have high melting points
- strong metallic bonds
- requires a lot of energy to break
why do giant metallic bonds conduct electricity
they have delocalised electrons free to move and carry charge
