acids, bases and salts

Question 1

what is an acid

Answer 1

a substance that releases H+ ions in a solution

Question 2

what is the symbol equation for nitric acid

Answer 2

HNO3

Question 3

what is the symbol equation for sulfuric acid

Answer 3

H2SO4

Question 4

what is the symbol equation of hydrochloric acid

Answer 4

HCl

Question 5

what is the symbol equation for phosphoric acid

Answer 5

H3PO4

Question 6

what is an alkali

Answer 6

• releases OH- ions when dissolved in water
• soluble base

Question 7

what does SPA stand for

Answer 7

sodium, potassium, ammonium

Question 8

what is a base

Answer 8

H+ ion acceptor

Question 9

what is a salt

Answer 9

formed when an acid reacts with a metal, base or carbonate

Question 10

what does MASH stand for

Answer 10

metal + acid - salt + hydrogen

Question 11

what does BAWS stand for

Answer 11

base + acid - water + salt

Question 12

what does CAWCS stand for

Answer 12

carbonate + acid - water + carbon dioxide + salt

Question 13

what colour would universal indicator turn when it reacts with a strong acid

Answer 13

red

Question 14

what colour would universal indicator turn when it reacts with a weak acid

Answer 14

orange - yellow

Question 15

what colour would universal indicator turn when it reacts with a neutral solution

Answer 15

green

Question 16

what colour would universal indicator turn when it reacts with a weak base

Answer 16

blue

Question 17

what colour would universal indicator turn when it reacts with a strong base

Answer 17

purple

Question 18

what colour would litmus turn when it reacts with an acid

Answer 18

red

Question 19

what colour would litmus turn when it reacts with a neutral solution

Answer 19

purple

Question 20

what colour would litmus turn when it reacts with a base

Answer 20

blue

Question 21

what colour would phenolphthalein turn when it reacts with an acid

Answer 21

colourless

Question 22

what colour would phenolphthalein turn when it reacts with a neutral solution

Answer 22

pink

Question 23

what colour would phenolphthalein turn when it reacts with a base

Answer 23

red

Question 24

what colour would methyl orange turn when it reacts with an acid

Answer 24

red

Question 25

what colour would methyl orange turn when it reacts with a neutral solution

Answer 25

orange

Question 26

what colour would methyl orange turn when it reacts with a base

Answer 26

yellow

Question 27

what is the method for precipitation

Answer 27

• mix two soluble salts together
• filter
• wash with distilled water
• pat dry with filter paper

Question 28

what is the titration method

Answer 28

• add acid to burette and note initial volume
• add 25cm3 alkali to conical flask using pipette
• add indicator to conical flask
• add acid and swirl until colour change and note down final volume
• repeat without indicator
• heat until saturated
• leave to cool and crystalise
• filter crystals
• pat dry

Question 29

what is the method for insoluble bases and acid

Answer 29

• warm acid
• add excess base
• filter
• heat until saturated
• leave to cool and crystalise
• filter crystals
• pat dry

Question 30

what words does base end in

Answer 30

________ oxide
________ hydroxide
________ carbonate

Question 31

what is the parent acid for _____ chloride

Answer 31

hydrochloric acid

Question 32

what is the parent acid for ________ sulfate

Answer 32

sulfuric acid

Question 33

what is the parent acid for _________ nitrate

Answer 33

nitric acid

Question 34

what does SPA help identify

Answer 34

an alkali

Question 35

what is SPA______hydroxide

Answer 35

an alkali