IO Intro

Question 1

Enchanted View of IOs (Characterisation)

Answer 1

Characterization: Assumes IOs are inherently good.

Better than a world without IOs.

Biased towards IOs, but scholars disagree.

Examples: Secular gods, Frankenstein monsters.

Question 2

Why IOs Exist and Their Importance

Answer 2

Why states cooperate through IOs.

Functions of IOs.

Importance in global governance.

Question 3

IOs vs NGOs

Answer 3

IOs:
Established by states.
Based on inter-state treaties.
Examples: UN, IMF, NATO.

NGOs:
Established by non-state actors.
“Common purpose” focus.
Examples: Human Rights Watch, Bonobo Conservation Initiative.

Question 4

Characteristics of IOs as International Institutions

Answer 4

Formal IOs:
Headquarters/bureaucracy.
Formal treaty base.
Formal rules and procedures.
Regular state meetings.
At least 3 member states.

Informal IOs:
Examples: G7, G20.

Question 5

Distinguishing Characteristics of IOs

Answer 5

Membership:
Universal (UN) vs. Limited (EU).

Competence:
Comprehensive (UN) vs. Limited/issue-specific (WTO).

Function:
Rule-making (UN) vs. Operational (IAEA).

Decision-making Authority:
Intergovernmental vs. Supranational.

Question 6

Three Forces of IOs in World Politics

Answer 6

Obligation, Compliance, Enforcement.

Enforcement Types:
Direct (EU, WTO) vs. Indirect.
Explicit vs. Implicit (compliance)

Question 7

Three Views on the Role of IOs

Answer 7

Actors View:
Legally vs. Politically.

Forum View:
Physical forums for debate and negotiation.

Resource/Tools View:
IOs as tools for member states’ interests.
Examples: SC and US invasion in Iraq, IMF, ICJ.

Question 8

International Regimes as Subset of International Institutions

Answer 8

Definition:
Implicit or explicit principles, norms, rules, and decision-making procedures.

Components:
Principles, Norms, Rules, Decision-making Procedures.

Example:
Nuclear Non-proliferation Regime (NPT).