Investments Flashcards
What risks are undiversifiable?
PRIME
Purchasing power Reinvestment risk Interest rate risk Market risk Exchange rate risk
What is endogenous risk?
Risk generated with in the system due to participants being human
How many stocks does it take to remove unsystematic risk?
10 to 15
What are the risks with bonds?
DRIP
Default
Reinvestment
Interest rate
Purchasing power
Gov’t bonds don’t have default risk
R-squared gives…
Amount of systematic risk…the balance (to 1) is unsystematic
Growth rate equation
g = roe * rr
roe is return on equity
rr is retention rate
Semi - variance
Alternative risk measure that includes only returns below expectation
Coefficient of variation
Communicates the variability of an investment per unit of return (stdev/xbar)
Lower the CV, greater reliability
R or rho
Correlation coefficient (ranges:-1 to 1)
Think “Credence Clearwater Revival” - CC=R
R-squared
Coefficient of determination
Contrarian opinion rules (6)
BIOMOP
Barron's confidence index Investment advisory opinion Odd lot sales Mfd cash OTC vs NYSE volume Put/call ratio
Follow-the-smart money rules (2)
Confidence index
Short sales by specialists
Basic assumption of tech analysis
Irrational investors are an important element in stock prices
Return on equity
ROE = net_income/common_equity
Difference between quick ratio and current ratio
Current ratio is current_assets/current_liabilities
Quick ratio subtracts inventory from assets before dividing
Intrinsic value of a stock according to fundamental analysis
The discounted value of future dividends
Quick market price calc
Outstanding shares
Hierarchy of comparison testing
BATS
Beta
Alpha
Treynor
Sharpe
Black Scholes model of CALL option pricing relies on 5 variables
1) mkt price (incr)
2) time (incr)
3) stdev (incr)
4) risk-free rate (incr)
5) ex price (decr)
Venture capital stages (8)
1) seed
2) start-up
3) 1st stage
4) 2nd stage
5) mezzanine
6) bridge
7) acquisition
8) leveraged buy out LBO
Seed capital
Vc for product development & mkt research
Start up capital
VC for initial marketing but NO SALES
First stage financing
VC for manufacturing & sales
Second stage financing
VC for working capital