Invertebrates - General Flashcards
What is the superkingdom EUKARYA?
Organisms with internal organelles including nuclei and mitochondria. Kingdom Protista (Nucleated microorganisms) Kingdom Fungi (Reduction) Kingdom Plantae (production) Kingdom Animalia (consumption)
What is the superkingdom PROCARYA?
Organisms with no internal organelles:
Kingdom Bacteria
Kingdom Archaea
What are the taxonomic divisions?
Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
What is a species?
A collection of individuals that can sexually reproduce and give rise to fertile offspring.
A single species occupies a single niche.
What is a genus?
A group of closely related species.
What is the binomial name of a species?
The species and genus names, e.g. Orcinus orca [italics] where orcinus is the genus name and orca is the species.
What is ontogeny?
Development through an individual life.
What is phylogeny?
The evolutionary history of a species.
How did metazoans evolve from Protozoans?
It is most likely that cells divided and then formed a colony, which then became a metazoan.
What is a phylum?
The stem group from which all other lower classifications evolved (Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.)
All members of a phylum share a body plan and a development pathway.
What is a blind gut?
A digestive cavity open at only one end.
Define bilateral symmetry.
An organism which is divisible into equal mirror halves in one plane only, usually the longest axis.
Why is a through gut better than a blind gut?
Continuous processing of food is possible.
What is the different between protostomes and deuterostomes?
In protostomes the mouth is formed first and in deuterostomes the anus is formed first.
What is convergent evolution?
The process whereby organisms not monophyletic independently evolve similar traits. Cephalopod and mammalian eye structures are an example.
