inurducion Flashcards
who the scientict …… and when divided compound and into what
In 1806, the scientist Berzelius divided all compound into Organic compounds and inorganic compounds
diff organic compound
and ex
They are compounds that extracted from animal or plant origin’’
EXAMPLE . Fats, oil, sugar
diff inorganic compound
and ex
They are compounds that originated from mineral sources in earth.
example Water , Carbon dioxide
Ancient Egyptians have used organic drugs in
the mummification , dying and fixed colours processes Still shine on their temples until now.
what is Berzelius vital force theory
organic compounds are formed inside the living tissues of the living organisms by a vital force which is found in living cells of the body and it is impossible to prepare them in laboratories
who destroy the vital force theory
“The German scientist Wohler
wholer destroy vital force theory GR
“The German scientist Wohler destroyed the vital force theory:- When he prepared urea in lap
NH4Cl + Ag CNO → AgCl + NH4 CNO
NH4 - CNO →heat→ NH2-CO -NH2
what is urea and the starctural fourmla
- organic compound formed in the urine of mammals\
- page 2
Wohler experiment is considered ……… in the origin of organic Compound.
a key event
chemists soon synthesized enourmous organic compound in all field of life such that
- drugs
- dyes
- plastic
- fertilizers
what is the organic compound know according to
organic compounds become know according to their structure (carbon) not according To their sources
All organic compounds contain………………..as ………But not all elements has these element is organic compound
carbon as essential element
what is the number of organic compound and in organic compound
and what is the ratio
The number of organic compounds exceed 10.000.000 and increase daily while the inorganic compounds don’t exceed half of million
the ratio between the organic and inorganic compounds is approximately 20 : 1
Organic chemistry was named chemistry of carbon GR
bec All organic compounds contain carbon as essential element
The number of organic compound is very large GR
The ability of carbon atom to combine with itself or with others atoms by different kinds bond
Like single , double or triple bonds ,
also carbon atoms can join together with different methods , straight chains , branched chain , Homocyclic or heterocyclic
diff Homocyclic compounds
Organic compounds in which all the corners of the ring have carbon atoms only
diff Heterocyclic compounds
Organic compounds in which all the corners of the ring have carbon atoms and anther atoms of different elements
The difference between organic and inorganic
- Chemical structure
- Tybe of bond
- Ionization
- Melting point & boiling point
- Conductivity
- Odor
- Inflammability
- Solubility
- Sensitivity
- Rate of reaction
- Polymerization
- Isomerism
page 4
experiment for detection of carbon and hydrogen in organic compounds and draw
page 5
mention the role of copper oxide in detection of carbon and hudrogen in the orgainic compounds
actas oxidizing agent , oxidizes hydrogen to water and carbon to carbon dioxide
- 2H + Cuo →H→ Cu + H2O
- C + 2Cuo →H→ 2Cu + CO2
diff The moleculer formula
It is the formula which indicates the number and kind of the element , and doesn’t show the kind of bond between the atoms in the molecule
diff structural formula
It is the formula which indicates the number and kind of the element , and show the kind of bond between the atoms in the molecule
The number of covalent bonds around the atom indicates …………. of the elements
indicates its valance
Each single covalent bond represents
one valance
