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organic chemsitry > inurducion > Flashcards

inurducion Flashcards

1
Q

who the scientict …… and when divided compound and into what

A

In 1806, the scientist Berzelius divided all compound into Organic compounds and inorganic compounds

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2
Q

diff organic compound

and ex

A

They are compounds that extracted from animal or plant origin’’

EXAMPLE . Fats, oil, sugar

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3
Q

diff inorganic compound

and ex

A

They are compounds that originated from mineral sources in earth.

example Water , Carbon dioxide

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4
Q

Ancient Egyptians have used organic drugs in

A

the mummification , dying and fixed colours processes Still shine on their temples until now.

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5
Q

what is Berzelius vital force theory

A

organic compounds are formed inside the living tissues of the living organisms by a vital force which is found in living cells of the body and it is impossible to prepare them in laboratories

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6
Q

who destroy the vital force theory

A

“The German scientist Wohler

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7
Q

wholer destroy vital force theory GR

A

“The German scientist Wohler destroyed the vital force theory:- When he prepared urea in lap

NH4Cl + Ag CNO → AgCl + NH4 CNO

NH4 - CNO →heat→ NH2-CO -NH2

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8
Q

what is urea and the starctural fourmla

A
  1. organic compound formed in the urine of mammals\
  2. page 2
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9
Q

Wohler experiment is considered ……… in the origin of organic Compound.

A

a key event

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10
Q

chemists soon synthesized enourmous organic compound in all field of life such that

A
  1. drugs
  2. dyes
  3. plastic
  4. fertilizers
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11
Q

what is the organic compound know according to

A

organic compounds become know according to their structure (carbon) not according To their sources

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12
Q

All organic compounds contain………………..as ………But not all elements has these element is organic compound

A

carbon as essential element

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13
Q

what is the number of organic compound and in organic compound

and what is the ratio

A

The number of organic compounds exceed 10.000.000 and increase daily while the inorganic compounds don’t exceed half of million

the ratio between the organic and inorganic compounds is approximately 20 : 1

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14
Q

Organic chemistry was named chemistry of carbon GR

A

bec All organic compounds contain carbon as essential element

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15
Q

The number of organic compound is very large GR

A

The ability of carbon atom to combine with itself or with others atoms by different kinds bond

Like single , double or triple bonds ,

also carbon atoms can join together with different methods , straight chains , branched chain , Homocyclic or heterocyclic

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16
Q

diff Homocyclic compounds

A

Organic compounds in which all the corners of the ring have carbon atoms only

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17
Q

diff Heterocyclic compounds

A

Organic compounds in which all the corners of the ring have carbon atoms and anther atoms of different elements

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18
Q

The difference between organic and inorganic

  1. Chemical structure
  2. Tybe of bond
  3. Ionization
  4. Melting point & boiling point
  5. Conductivity
  6. Odor
  7. Inflammability
  8. Solubility
  9. Sensitivity
  10. Rate of reaction
  11. Polymerization
  12. Isomerism
19
Q

experiment for detection of carbon and hydrogen in organic compounds and draw

20
Q

mention the role of copper oxide in detection of carbon and hudrogen in the orgainic compounds

A

actas oxidizing agent , oxidizes hydrogen to water and carbon to carbon dioxide

  1. 2H + Cuo →H→ Cu + H2O
  2. C + 2Cuo →H→ 2Cu + CO2
21
Q

diff The moleculer formula

A

It is the formula which indicates the number and kind of the element , and doesn’t show the kind of bond between the atoms in the molecule

22
Q

diff structural formula

A

It is the formula which indicates the number and kind of the element , and show the kind of bond between the atoms in the molecule

23
Q

The number of covalent bonds around the atom indicates …………. of the elements

A

indicates its valance

24
Q

Each single covalent bond represents

A

one valance

25
Q

Each element in the organic compound has

A

a specific and constant valance

26
Q

what is he valnce of the following

  1. carbon atom
  2. hydrogen
  3. oxygen
  4. nitrogen
A
  1. tetravalent
  2. monovalent
  3. divalent
  4. trivalent
27
Q

diff Isomerism

A

It is a phenomenon in which some organic compounds have same molecular formula but differ in their structural formula so they differ in chemical & physical poroperties

28
Q

The moleculer formula not enough to express the organic compound GR

A

Because of isomerism in which some organic compounds have same molecular formula but differ in their structural formula so the difference in chemical and physical properties

29
Q

draw he possible isomers of the molecular formula C5H12

30
Q

hydro carbon consists of ……. elements only

31
Q

hydrocarbon divide to

A
  1. aliphatic more H
  2. aromatic less H
32
Q

Aliphatic divided to and tell me about them

A
  1. Acyclic , oben chain
  2. cyclic alkanes , startuated , closed chain
33
Q

cyclic saturated like

A

cyclo pentane draw in page 8

cclo hexane draw in page 8

34
Q

what mean by satruted

A

has no pi bond only sigma bond

35
Q

single bond called

douple and tei bond called

36
Q

Acyclic divide and tell me saturated or not

A

alkane , staruted

alkenes , unsaturated

alkynes , unsaturated

37
Q

what is the old name about alkane , alkenes and alkynes

A
  1. paraffin
  2. olefins
  3. acetylenes
38
Q

alkenes has isomers with

A

cyclic starurated

39
Q

what is the genral fourmla of alkane and kind of bond

A
  1. CnH2n+2
  2. single bond (sigma)
40
Q

what is the genral fourmla of alkene and kind of bond

A
  1. CnH2n​​
  2. douple bond (PI)
41
Q

what is the genral fourmla of alkyne and kind of bond

A
  1. CnH2n–2
  2. triple bond
42
Q

any name of organic compound depend on

A
  1. number of carbon
  2. and belong to any family
43
Q

Sm3 mn 1 to 10 in latine

A
  1. meth
  2. eth
  3. prop
  4. but
  5. pent
  6. hex
  7. hept
  8. oct
  9. non
  10. dec

organic chemsitry (4 decks)

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