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Clin Path > Introductory Concepts > Flashcards

Introductory Concepts Flashcards

1
Q

Define Reference Interval

A

lab data results we expect to see in healthy animals

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2
Q

Gaussian Reference Distribution

A

distribution of reference analytes determined by mean +/- 2SD
central 95% of results of healthy individuals
bell-curve

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3
Q

Non-Gaussian Reference Distribution

A

distribution of reference analytes has a skewed distribution with enzymes

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4
Q

Population-based Reference Intervals

A

calculatedd from a population of healthy adult animals of a given species for a given test
est. by each lab

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5
Q

List the order in which samples should be put into blood collection tubes

A
  1. citrate (blue top)
  2. red top
  3. heparin (green top)
  4. EDTA (purple top)
  5. oxalate (grey)
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6
Q

What anticoagulant is in blue top tubes?

A

citrate

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7
Q

What anticoagulant is in red top tubes?

A

trick question - none

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8
Q

What anticoagulant is in green top tubes?

A

heparin

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9
Q

What anticoagulant is in purple top tubes?

A

EDTA

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10
Q

What anticoagulant is in grey top tubes?

A

oxalate

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11
Q

What test is run off of blue top tubes?

A

coagulation tests

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12
Q

What test is run off red top tubes?

A

chemistry

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13
Q

What test is run off green top tubes?

A

chemistry

(least interference with chem)

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14
Q

What test is run off purple top tubes?

A

CBC

(preserves cell morphology)

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15
Q

What test is run off grey top tubes?

A

glucose

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16
Q

What happens if a citrate tube is contaminated with heparin?

A

inadequate activation of prothrombin

17
Q

What happens when a heparin tube is contaminated with EDTA?

A

increases plasma K+
decreases plasma Ca2+

18
Q

Qualitative

A

present or absent
positive or negative

19
Q

Semiquantitative

A

approximate concentration

(urine dipstick)

20
Q

Quantitative

A

attempt to get a concentration

21
Q

Analytical Precision

A

repeatability

22
Q

Analytical Accuracy

A

does the assay produce the expected concentration

23
Q

Analytical Specificity

A

able to detect analyte of interest when interfering substances are present

24
Q

Analytical Sensitivity

A

able to detect differences between concentrations

25
Q

Detection Limit

A

lowest detectable concentration

26
Q

Accuracy

A

degree of closeness of a measured value to the true value of analyte

27
Q

Precision

A

ability of an assay to give similar results if analyzed several times

28
Q

Reliability

A

ability of an assay to be accurate and precise

29
Q

Types of assay errors

A

preanalytical
analytical
post analytical

30
Q

Preanalytical Errors

A

test result only as good as the sample

31
Q

Analytical Errors

A

poor analytical properties of the assay

32
Q

Post Analytical Errors

A

transcriptional errors
verbal reports translated incorrectly

Clin Path (3 decks)

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