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PhBioSci > INTRODUCTION TO THE SCIENCE OF BOTANY > Flashcards

INTRODUCTION TO THE SCIENCE OF BOTANY Flashcards

1
Q

THE BRANCH OF BIOLOGY DEALING WITH
THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF PLANT LIFE.

A

BOTANY

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2
Q

BOTANY IS ALSO CALLED

A

“PLANT SCIENCE(S)” OR “PLANT
BIOLOGY”

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3
Q

Study of the structure and functions of important biological
molecules present in our plants such as proteins and
nucleic acid

A

PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

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4
Q

Plant cytology. Encompasses the structure, function, and
life process in the plant cells.

A

PLANT CELL BIOLOGY

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5
Q

Study of chemical interactions within plants, including a
variety of chemicals that plants produce.

A

PLANT BIOCHEMISTRY

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6
Q

Study of microscopic plant structure (cell and tissues).
Internal structure.

A

PLANT ANATOMY

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7
Q

Study of the structures of plant parts. The study of the
exterior form of plants, including the placement of stems
and leaves on a stem. Exterior structure.

A

PLANT MORPHOLOGY

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8
Q

The study of plant heredity and variation.

A

PLANT GENETICS

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9
Q

The study of the function of plants and their cells and
tissues.

A

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

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10
Q

The study of the interrelationships among plants and
between plants and their environment

A

PLANT ECOLOGY

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11
Q

The study of plant evolutionary relationships among
different plant groups.

A

PLANT SYSTEMATICS

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12
Q

The subdiscipline of systematics deals with the
description, naming, and classification of plants.

A

PLANT TAXONOMY

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13
Q

Study of the biology and the evolution of plants in the
geological past.

A

PALEOBOTANY

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14
Q

Study of mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. (Nonvascular
plants)

A

BRYOLOGY

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15
Q

Applied plant biology that studies field crops and soil.

A

AGRONOMY

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16
Q

Applied plant biology on ornamental plants and fruits and
vegetable crops. (Decorative plants)

A

HORTICULTURE

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17
Q

Applied plant biology on forest conservation and forest
production such as lumber.

A

FORESTRY

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18
Q

The study of diseases and the structural and functional
changes that occur with diseases.

A

PLANT PATHOLOGY

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19
Q

Study of algae

A

PHYCOLOGY

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20
Q

Study of ferns

A

PTERIDOLOGY

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21
Q

Study of fungi

A

MYCOLOGY

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21
Q

THE SMALLEST PARTICLE OF AN
ELEMENT THAT POSSESSES THE PROPERTIES OF
THE ELEMENT

A

Atom

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21
Q

COMPOSED OF TWO OR
MORE ATOMS OF A SINGLE ELEMENT.

A

molecule

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22
Q

LARGE BIOLOGICAL
MOLECULES SUCH AS PROTEINS AND NUCLEIC
ACIDS.

A

macromolecules

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23
Q

THE SMALLEST UNIT THAT CAN
PERFORM ALL THE ACTIVITIES ASSOCIATED WITH
LIFE.

A

cell

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24
Q

ASSOCIATIONS
OF CELLS THAT PERFORM SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS.

A

tissues

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24
Q

FUNCTIONAL UNITS THAT PERFORM
SPECIFIC ROLES

A

organs

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25
Q

GROUPS OF MEMBERS OF THE SAME SPECIES
THAT LIVE TOGETHER IN THE SAME AREA AND
SIMULTANEOUSLY.

A

population

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25
Q

CONSISTS OF ALL
POPULATIONS OF DIFFERENT ORGANISMS THAT
LIVE AND INTERACT WITHIN AN AREA.

A

community

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26
Q

A COMMUNITY
TOGETHER WITH ITS NON-LIVING ENVIRONMENT.

A

ecosystem

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27
Q

DOES NOT INVOLVE
THE UNION OF GAMETES

A

asexual reproduction

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28
Q

THE ORGANIC MOLECULE THAT
STORES AND CARRIES IMPORTANT GENETIC
INFORMATION IN CELLS.

A

DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC
ACID (DNA)

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28
Q

ORGANISMS THAT HAVE NUCLEI AND OTHER
MEMBRANE-BOUNDED ORGANELLES

A

eukaryotes

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28
Q

a Swedish
botanist, simplified the naming of organisms

A

Carolus Linnaeus

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29
Q

ORGANISMS THAT LACK NUCLEI AND OTHER
MEMBRANE-BOUNDED ORGANELLES

A

Prokaryotes

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30
Q

Discovery of general concepts by the careful
examination of specific cases

A

inductive reasoning

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31
Q

proceeds from generalities to specifics

A

Deductive reasoning

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32
Q

“Father of Botany”

A

Theophrastus

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32
Q

Major works of Theophrastus

A

Enquiry into Plants and
On the Causes of Plants

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33
Q

wrote De Materia Medica

A

PEDANIUS DIOSCORIDES

33
Q

a five-volume encyclopedia
about herbal medicine in the middle of the first century.

A

De Materia Medica

34
Q

Botanical garden by the italians that is still in its original location

A

The Padua Botanical Garden (Orto botanico di Padua)
in 1545

35
Q

authored a botanically and pharmacologically
important herbal Historia Plantarum in 1544

A

PHYSICIAN VALERIUS CORDUS

36
Q

PHYSICIAN VALERIUS CORDUS authored ta pharmacopeia of lasting importance called ?

A

Dispensatorium in 1546

37
Q

Father of taxonomy

A

CARL VON LINNE (CARL LINNAEUS)

38
Q

a hierarchical
classification of plant species that remains the
reference point for modern botanical nomenclature in
1753.

A

Species Plantarum

39
Q

when was Species Plantarum published

A

1753

39
Q

Wrote the first modern botanical textbook Grundzüge
der Wissenschaftlichen Botanik

A

MATTIAS SCHLEIDEN

40
Q

Grundzüge
der Wissenschaftlichen Botanik was published in English as

A

in 1849 as Principles of Scientific Botany.

41
Q

Co-founded the cell theory and was among the first to
grasp the significance of the cell nucleus.

A

SCHLEIDEN, SCHWANN, VIRCHOW

42
Q

Proposed the gene-chromosome theory of heredity

A

GREGOR MENDEL

42
Q

father of Genetics

A

GREGOR MENDEL

43
Q

Process by which plants and other organisms uses solar energy
to make their own food

A

Photosynthesis

44
Q

most important source of fuel

A

Wood

45
Q

produced by pressing together moist fibers,
typically cellulose pulp derived from wood,
rags or grasses, and drying them

A

Paper

46
Q

Cassia alata

A

Akapulko

47
Q

Used to treat ringworm infections and skin fungal
infections, insect bites, eczema, scabies and
itchiness

A

Akapulko

47
Q

Also known as “bayabas-bayabasan” or “ringworm
bush”

A

Akapulko

48
Q

Momordica charantia

A

Ampalaya

48
Q

Also known as “bitter gourd” or “bitter mellon”

A

Ampalaya

49
Q

Most known as a treatment of diabetes, for noninsulin dependent patients

A

Ampalaya

49
Q

Allium sativum

A

Bawang

50
Q

It mainly reduces cholesterol in the blood and
hence, helps control blood pressure

A

Bawang

51
Q

Psidium guajava

A

Bayabas

52
Q

It is primarily used as an antiseptic, to disinfect
wounds

A

Bayabas

53
Q

It can also be used as a mouth wash to treat tooth
decay and gum infection

A

Bayabas

54
Q

Known in English as “5-leaved chaste tree”

A

Lagundi

55
Q

Niyog-niyogan

A

Quisqualis indica

55
Q

its main use is for relief of cough and asthma

A

Lagundi

55
Q

Lagundi

A

Vitex negundo

56
Q

Cumulative genetic
changes in a population of
organisms from generation to
generation.

A

evolution

57
Q

is a vine known as “Chinese hony suckle”

A

Niyog-niyogan

57
Q

It is effective in the elimination of intestinal worms,
particularly Ascaris and Trichina

A

Niyog-niyogan

58
Q

Sambong

A

Blumea balsamifera

58
Q

Known in English as “Ngai Camphor” or “Blumea
Camphora”

A

Sambong

58
Q

It can also be used as in the treatment of edema

A

Sambong

58
Q

A diuretic that helps in the excretion of urinary
stones

A

Sambong

59
Q

Taken as tea to treat skin allergies including
eczema, scabies and itchiness in wounds during
child birth

A

Tsaang Gubat

59
Q

Tsaang Gubat

A

Ehretia microphylla

60
Q

Ulasimang Bato

A

Peperomia pellucida

61
Q

Also known locally as “pansit-pansitan”

A

Ulasimang Bato

62
Q

It is effective in fighting arthritis and gout

A

Ulasimang Bato

62
Q

Yerba Buena

A

Clinopodium douglasii

62
Q

Also known as “peppermint”

A

Yerba Buena

62
Q

This vine is used as an analgesic to relieve body
aches and pain

A

Yerba Buena

62
Q

It can be taken internally as a decoction or
externally by pounding the leaves and applying it
directly on the affected area

A

Yerba Buena

63
Q

The
mechanism of evolution proposed
by Charles Darwin

A

NATURAL SELECTION

64
Q

are often adapted to harsh conditions and frequently live in oxygen- deficient environments

A

kingdom
Archaea

65
Q

The kingdom Protista
contains

A

protozoa, algae,
water molds, and slime
molds.

66
Q

organisms are
single- celled or simple
multicellular organisms.

A

Kingdom protista

67
Q

a waxy covering over
their outer parts that reduces
water loss

A

cuticle

67
Q

obtain
their nutrients by secreting
digestive enzymes into food
and then absorbing the
predigested nutrients.

A

The kingdom Fungi

68
Q

tiny
openings in leaves and stems
for gas exchange

A

stomata

69
Q

reproductive organs that
protect gametes

A

multi-cellular gametangia

70
Q

The kingdom Fungi consists
of ?

A

molds, yeasts, and
mushrooms

71
Q

A taxonomic category
that includes one or more
kingdoms.

A

Domain

71
Q

the narrowest classification

A

species

72
Q

a group of similar
organisms that interbreed in
their natural environment
but do not interbreed with
other species.

A

Species

PhBioSci (2 decks)

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