Introduction to the reproductive system Flashcards
What germ layers is the reproductive system derived from?
mesoderm and endoderm
What is the mesoderm divided into?
paraxial mesoderm, intermediate mesoderm and lateral plate mesoderm
What is the mesonephric system derived from?
mesodermal germ layer
- contributes to real tubes, ureter, reproductive ductal system, uterine canal and vagina
What does the endodermal layer contribute to?
urinary bladder, urethra, vagina and external genitalia
Where are the gonads located?
in the posterior abdominal wall
When are sexual characteristics acquired?
from the 6th-7th week of development
What does the mesonephric duct form in males?
epididymus, ductus deferens, seminal vesicle, ejaculatory duct
What does the paramesonephric duct form in females?
uterine tubes, uterus, cervix of the uterus, upper part of vagina
What is the vagina formed from?
from 2 sources
- mesodermal layer - paramesonephric ducts
- endodemral layer - urogenital sinus of the cloaca
What happens under the influence of hormones in males to form the external genitalia?
- genital tubercle forms phallus
- urethral fold fuse to form penile urethra
- genital swellings fuse to form the scrotum
What happens under the influence of hormones in females to form the external genitalia?
- genital tubercle forms clitoris
- urethral folds fail to fuse and form labia minora
- genital swellings fail to fuse and form labia majora
What hormone do the testes release during development and what happens as a result?
- anti-mullerian hormone - mullerian ducts regress
- testosterone - converted to DHT - differentiation of externia genitalia and Wolffian ducts develop
What happens in females as a results of no testosterone being produced?
- the Wollfian ducts degenerate and undifferentiated external genitalia develop female characteristics
