Introduction To The Living Cell

Question 1

What are cells?

Answer 1

• Fundamental units of life
• Take in nutrients and free energy (from surroundings)
• make copies of themselves via DNA replication

Question 2

What is the three-domain classification system?

Answer 2

• Bacteria
• Archaea
• Eukaryotes

Question 3

What is the definition of Taxonomy?

Answer 3

The academic discipline of defining groups of biological organisms on the basis of shared characteristics

Question 4

What is the definition of Phylogenetics?

Answer 4

The study of evolutionary relationships among groups of organisms

Question 5

Differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes based on:

• chromosome number
• DNA
• histones
• introns
• nuclear membrane
• mitochondria
• membrane bound organelles
• sterols
• ribosomes
• reproduction

Answer 5

Prokaryotes:

• one chromosome
• circular DNA
• no histones, nuclear membrane, mitochondria, membrane-bound organelles or sterols
• 70s ribosomes
• reproduction=binary fission

Eukaryotes:

• many chromosomes
• linear DNA
• does have histones, nuclear membrane, mitochondria, membrane-bound organelles and sterols
• 80s ribosomes
• reproduction= mitosis/meiosis