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Introduction ANAPHY > Introduction to the Human Organism > Flashcards

Introduction to the Human Organism Flashcards

1
Q

is a complex and fascinating system.

A

The human body

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2
Q

What are the form the building blocks of all living things.

A

Atoms, molecules and compounds

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3
Q

are the smallest
unit of matter.

A

Atoms

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4
Q

They
consist of a nucleus
containing protons and
neutrons, surrounded by
electrons.

A

Atoms

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5
Q

form when
two or more atoms bond
together. These bonds
can be ionic, covalent, or
hydrogen.

A

Molecules

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6
Q

are formed when two or more different types of
atoms bond together.

A

Compounds

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7
Q

They have unique properties that differ
from their constituent elements.

A

Compounds

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8
Q

are the basic building blocks of all matter, including the human body

A

Atoms

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9
Q

They combine to form molecules, which are
groups of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.

A

Atoms

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10
Q

are formed when two or more different types
of atoms bond together.

A

Compounds

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11
Q

Examples of atoms

A

Examples: carbon, hydrogen,
oxygen, nitrogen.

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12
Q

Examples of molecules

A

Examples: water (H2O), carbon
dioxide (CO2), glucose (C6H12O6).

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13
Q

Examples of compounds

A

Examples: sodium chloride (NaCl),
table sugar (C12H22O11).

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14
Q

Compounds are categorized into ?

A

organic and inorganic groups, depending on their composition and structure

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15
Q

Characteristics of organic ?

A

Contain carbon,
usually bonded
to hydrogen

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16
Q

Examples of organic?

A

Carbohydrates,
lipids, proteins,
nucleic acids.

17
Q

Characteristics of inorganic?

A

Do not contain carbon

18
Q

Examples of inorganic?

A

Water, salts,
acids, bases

19
Q

These organic molecules are essential for life, providing energy, structure, and various functions within the human body.

A

Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins

20
Q

The body’s primary source of energy. They are composed of carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen.

A

Carbohydrates

21
Q

Fats, oils, and waxes. They provide long-term energy storage,
insulation, and protect organs.

A

Lipids

22
Q

Essential for building and repairing tissues, enzymes, hormones, and
antibodies

A

Proteins

23
Q

What are nucleic acids that carry genetic information?

A

DNA and RNA

24
Q

serves as
the blueprint for life, containing instructions for building and maintaining the body

A

DNA

25
Q

Building blocks of nucleic acids. Each nucleotide consists of a
sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

A

Nucleotides

26
Q

Stores genetic information, and directs the
synthesis of proteins

A

DNA (DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID)

27
Q

Plays a key role in protein synthesis. It carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes.

A

RNA (Ribonucleic acid.)

28
Q

are biological catalysts that accelerate chemical reactions without
being consumed in the process

A

Enzymes

29
Q

They are essential for various metabolic
processes.

A

Enzymes

30
Q

The _____ is regulated by factors such as temperature, pH, and the
presence of inhibitors or activators.

A

Enzymes activity

31
Q

Enzymes ____ the ______required for a reaction to occur, making it more efficient.

A

Lower, activation energy

32
Q

______ has a ______ that allows it to bind to a particular substrate. This
specificity ensures that the
correct reactions are catalyzed

A

EACH Enzymes, specific shape

33
Q

Importance of the Chemical Basis of Life

A

The chemical basis of life is fundamental to all living organisms. It enables complex processes, sustains growth and development, and
maintains the overall health of the human body.

34
Q

that determines our traits and
characteristics.

A

Genetic code

35
Q

Chemical reactions within
cells break down food
molecules to generate energy
for cellular processes.

A

Enegry production

36
Q

Chemical messengers, such
as hormones, allow cells to
communicate and coordinate
functions.

A

Cellular communication

37
Q

Chemical signals trigger the
immune system to recognize
and fight off pathogens.

A

Immune response

Introduction ANAPHY (2 decks)

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