Introduction to the Human Body

Question 1

Homeostasis can be best described as

Answer 1

A relative state of constancy

Question 2

The 3 basic components of a feedback loop

Answer 2

Sensor, Integrating Centre and Effector Mechanism

Question 3

The contraction of the uterus during the birth of a baby is an example of

Answer 3

Positive feedback

Question 4

Negative feedback mechanisms …

Answer 4

1. Minimises changes in blood glucose levels
2. Maintain Homeostasis
3. Are responsible for increased sweating when air temperature is higher than body temperature

Question 5

Tiny cell fragments the play a role in blood clotting

Answer 5

Platelets

Question 6

Are involved in the transport of oxygen and to a lesser extent, carbon dioxide in the blood

Answer 6

Red blood cells

Question 7

Protect the body against invading microbes

Answer 7

White blood cells

Question 8

Carry blood away from the heart

Answer 8

Arteries

Question 9

Carry blood towards the heart

Answer 9

Veins

Question 10

Tiny vessels with very thin walls

Answer 10

Capillaries

Question 11

Begin as blind ended tubes

Answer 11

Lymphatic vessels

Question 12

Structures that filters the fluid which passes through them

Answer 12

Lymph nodes

Question 13

Science of the causes of disease

Answer 13

Aetiology

Question 14

Science of body structure

Answer 14

Anatomy

Question 15

Science of structural and functional changes that occur in disease

Answer 15

Pathology

Question 16

Science of body function

Answer 16

Physiology

Question 17

The likely outcome of a disease

Answer 17

Prognosis

Question 18

A process that arises in response to tissue damage

Answer 18

Inflammation

Question 19

A growth that arises when rate of cell production exceeds that of normal cell death

Answer 19

Tumour

Question 20

Describes a disease which cause is unknown

Answer 20

Idiopathic

Question 21

Property of the plasma membrane that allows only certain substances to cross

Answer 21

Semipermeability

Question 22

A chemical messenger that travels in the bloodstream to a target organ

Answer 22

Hormone

Question 23

Chemical reactions that build large molecules from smaller ones

Answer 23

Anabolism

Question 24

A substance involved in the breakdown of food

Answer 24

Enzyme

Question 25

A chemical that crosses the tiny gaps between nerve cells to allow communication from one nerve to the next

Answer 25

Neurotransmitter

Question 26

Chemical reaction that breaks down larger molecules into smaller ones

Answer 26

Catabolism

Question 27

Male gametes

Answer 27

Spermatozoa