Introduction to the Heart Flashcards
What covers the heart?
Pericardium
What are the two layers of the pericardium?
Fibrous layer
Serous layer
What is cardiac tamponade?
Increased fluid in between serous and fibrous layer
What does the fibrous skeleton of the heart do?
Anchors valves
Does not conduct electricity
What do spiral and circular layers do?
Wring the blood out with apex contracting (found shared between ventricles)
What is the serous pericardium also known as?
Epicardium (visceral layer)
What is unique about the size of cardiac cells?
Cardiac cells are the same size in all mammals to increase SA and oxygen diffusion
Which coronary arteries get the majority of blood flow?
Left and right coronary arteries
What does the left main coronary artery branch into?
Left anterior descending coronary artery
Circumflex coronary artery
Where in the heart does the PSNS have receptors?
AV and SA node
Where are the sympathetic nerves in the heart found?
Throughout
What type of ryanodine receptors are found in the heart?
RyR2
What are the types of calcium channels in the heart?
Ca (T) and Ca (L)
What are Ca (T) channels?
Calcium channels with transient quick depolarization allows for opening of Ca (L) channels
What are Ca (L) channels?
Calcium channels that stay open for longer
