Introduction to the Cranial Nerves and Autonomics

Question 1

Which cranial nerves exit through the superior orbital fissure

Answer 1

Oculomotor

Trochlear

Opthalmic (V1)

Abducent

Question 2

Which cranial nerves exit through the internal acoustic meatus

Answer 2

Vestibulocochlear

Facial

Question 3

Which cranial nerves exit through the jugular foramen?

Answer 3

Glossopharyngeal

Vagus

Spinal accessory

Question 4

Where do the 3 branches of the trigeminal exit

Answer 4

V1: Superior orbital fissure

V2: foramen rotundum

V3: Foramen ovale

Question 5

Trochlear nerve innervates

Answer 5

Superior oblique muscle

Question 6

Abducent nerve innervates

Answer 6

Lateral rectus muscle

Question 7

Spinal accessory nerve innervates

Answer 7

SCM and trapezius

Question 8

Hypoglossal nerve innervates

Answer 8

Muscles of tongue

Question 9

The trigeminal nerve suspends ___ and carries hitchhiking ___ and ___ fibers

Answer 9

Suspends the four cranial parasympathethic ganglia

Carries hitchhiking VE (viseral efferent) and SA (sensory afferent) fibers

Question 10

Facial nerve exits the skull via

Answer 10

Stylomastoid foramen

Question 11

Facial nerve provides preganglionic parasympathethics to

Answer 11

Pterygopalatine and submandibular ganglia

Question 12

Glossopharyngeal nerve carries GA from

Answer 12

oropharynx and middle ear

Question 13

Glossopharyngeal nerve supplies GE to

Answer 13

Stylopharyngeus muscle

Question 14

Glossopharyngeal supplies preganglionic parasympatehthics to

Answer 14

Otic ganglion

Question 15

Glossopharyngeal supplies visceral efferents from

Answer 15

Carotid body and sinus

Question 16

Vagus nerve supplies GE to

Answer 16

Most of the muscles of the soft palate and pharynx

All of the muscles of the larynx

Question 17

Vagus nerve carries GA from

Answer 17

Laryngopharynx and larynx and part of external ear

Question 18

Vagus carries VA from

Answer 18

Carotid body and sinus

Question 19

Vagus carries taste fibers from

Answer 19

Epiglottis

Question 20

Vagus supplies preganglionic parasympathethics to the

Answer 20

Mucous glands of the laryngopharynx and larynx

Question 21

Glossopharyngeal carries taste fibers from

Answer 21

Posterior 1/3 of tongue

Question 22

Visceral efferent sympathethics for the skin of the neck and posterior scalp come from

Answer 22

Spinal nerves C1-C4

Question 23

Visceral efferent sympathethics from the skin of the face and anterior scalp, all other smooth muscles and glands come from

Answer 23

Sympathetic periarterial nervous plexuses

Question 24

Viseral effrent parasympathetics of the smooth muscles and glands of the head and neck come from

Answer 24

Oculomotor nerve

Facial nerve

Glossopharyngeal

Vagus

Question 25

Visceral efferent sympathetic preganglionics are from

Answer 25

T1-T2

Question 26

Visceral efferent sympathethics synapse on

Answer 26

Cervical sympathethic ganglia

Question 27

Visceral efferent parasympathethics synapse on

Answer 27

4 cranial parasympathethic ganglia or directly on target glands

Question 28

All sympathethics in the head and neck are

Answer 28

Postganglionic

Question 29

Visceral efferent sympathethic postganglionics are distributed in

Answer 29

The dorsal and ventral rami of C1-C4 Periarterial plexuses along the internal and external carotid arteries

Question 30

Visceral efferent parasympathehtic postganglionics are distributed in

Answer 30

GA branches of the trigeminal nerve

Question 31

Parasympathethics originate in

Answer 31

Oculomotor Facial Glossopharyngeal Vagus

Question 32

Which parasympathethics synapse in named, dissectible parasympathehtic ganglia?

Answer 32

Oculomotor Facial Glossopharyngeal

Question 33

What 4 ganglia are suspended by the trigeminal nerve

Answer 33

V1- ciliary ganglia (smooth muscle of eye) V2- pterygopalatine ganglia (lacrimal gland, mucous glands of nose, palate) V3- Submandibular ganglia, otic ganglia (salivary glands)

Question 34

What are hitchhiking fibers?

Answer 34

VE and special afferents carried in the GA branches of the trigeminal nerve

Question 35

Ciliary ganglion are found in the

Answer 35

Orbit

Question 36

Ciliary ganglion are suspended by

Answer 36

Nasociliary branch of V1

Question 37

__ and __ fibers pass through ciliary ganglion

Answer 37

Postganglionic sympathethic GA

Question 38

Ciliary ganglion are responsible for

Answer 38

Smooth muscles of the eye and eyelid Pupil constriction/dilation Accommodation Normal position of eyelid

Question 39

Pterygopalatine ganglion are suspended by

Answer 39

Maxillary nerve (V2)

Question 40

__ and __ fibers pass through pterygopalatine ganglion

Answer 40

Postganglionic sympathetic Special sensory (taste)

Question 41

Lacrimal gland receives parasympathehtics from

Answer 41

Pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 42

Pterygopalatine ganglion: viseral efferents destined for the lacrimal gland are distributed in (2)

Answer 42

Zygomatic nerve Communicating branch to lacrimal nerve

Question 43

Pterygopalatine ganglion are responsible for

Answer 43

Tears Nasal and palatal mucous secretion Engorgement of nasal and palatal mucosa

Question 44

Submandibular ganglion is suspended by

Answer 44

Lingual nerve (V3)

Question 45

Preganglionic parasympathethics of the submandibular ganglion originate in ___ and are carried in __

Answer 45

Originate: facial nerve Carried in: chorda tympani branch

Question 46

__ fibers pass through the submandibular ganglion

Answer 46

Special sensory (taste) fibers

Question 47

Otic ganglion are found in

Answer 47

Foramen ovale

Question 48

Otic ganglion are suspended by

Answer 48

Mandibular nerve

Question 49

Otic ganglion: preganglionic parasmpathethics originate in ___ and are carried in ___

Answer 49

Originate: Glossopharyngeal nerve Carried in: tympanic nerve to middle ear

Question 50

All parasympathethics for the salivary gland come from

Answer 50

Ganglia suspended by V3 (otic ganglia)

Question 51

Visceral efferent fibers of the otic ganglion that are destined for the parotid gland are distributed in the ___ nerve

Answer 51

Auriculotemporal nerve (V3)

Question 52

Anosmia is caused by

Answer 52

Damage to olfactory nerve in cribiform plate

Question 53

Lesion of the right optic nerve causes

Answer 53

Right-side blindness

Question 54

Lesion of the left optic nerve causes

Answer 54

Left-side blindness

Question 55

Lesion of the optic chiasm causes

Answer 55

Loss of peripheral vision

Question 56

Loss of the optic chiasm can be the result of

Answer 56

Pituitary gland tumors or aneurysms of the internal carotid artery

Question 57

Lesion of the right optic tract causes

Answer 57

Loss of left half of visual field of BOTH eyes

Question 58

Lesion of left optic tract causes

Answer 58

Loss of vision of right half of visual field of BOTH eyes

Question 59

Meniere's syndrome causes

Answer 59

Excess fluid in internal ear

Question 60

Loss of vestibular division of vestibulochochlear nerve

Answer 60

Imbalance in positional informaiton relayed to the brain --> vertigo, nausea

Question 61

Loss of cochlear division of vestibulocochlear nerve

Answer 61

Hearing impariment/loss

Question 62

Lesion of trochlear nerve or Abducent nerve causes

Answer 62

Abnormal position of eye

Question 63

Lesion of spinal acessory nerve

Answer 63

Winging of scapula Weakness of rotary movements of head

Question 64

Lesion of hypoglossal nerve

Answer 64

Atrophy of tongue Speech disturbance

Question 65

Horner's syndrome is caused by a loss of

Answer 65

Sympathethics