Introduction to sterilisation processes

Question 1

Name the 3 types of sterilisation processes

Answer 1

1) Destruction e.g. flaming, chemical oxidation
2) Killing/inactivation - may not remove endotoxins
3) Removing - filtration, centrifugation

Question 2

Name the 5 main sterilisation processes in the EP

Answer 2

Steam sterilisation
Dry heat sterilisation
Ionising radiation
Gaseous sterilisation
Filtration

Question 3

Describe moist heat sterilisation

Answer 3

• Involves steam, usually at 121-134 degrees
• Very effective
• Widespread application
• Used for dressings, sheets, containers, aqueous injections, ophthalmic preparations, contaminated waste materials

Question 4

Describe dry heat sterilisation

Answer 4

Usually in the range of 160-180 degrees
Less effective than moist heat sterilisation
Used for glassware, metal surgical instruments, non-aqueous thermostable liquids and powders

Question 5

Describe radiation process

Answer 5

Using gamma rays, accelerated electrons, X-rays or UV
Alternative method for heat-sensitive products
Mainly for articles in a dried state e.g. surgical instruments, sutures, plastic syringes, dry pharmaceutical products