Introduction To Somatic Dysfunction Flashcards
Tenets of Osteopathic Medicine
1) The body is a unit
2) The body is capable of self healing and self regulation
3) Structure and function are reciprocally interrelated
4) Treatment should be decided based on the first three tenets
Somatic Dysfunction
A problem with the function (impaired or altered) of the somatic system (bodywork) that includes the skeletal, arthrodial (joint) and myofascial structures (desnely woven tissue in muscle, bone, etc.) and their related vascular, lymphatic and neural elements
Consequences of SD?
Can impact other parts of the body (I.e. scoliosis example and breathing - breathing is easier because scoliosis can restrict lung capacity)
Process for Diagnosing Somatic Dysfunction?
TART (KEY! may find one or all four)
Tenderness
Asymmetry
Range of motion
Tissue change (texture abnormalities)
Naming of Somatic Dysfunction
Direction which motion is freer
I.e. Elbow can extend fully but cannot flex to normal motion range. This would be called: Elbow Extended Somatic Dysfunction (Think opposite)
Acute Somatic Dysfunction - Symptoms
Pain Bogginess (sponginess in the tissue) Vasodilation Edema Tenderness
Chronic Somatic Dysfunction - Symptoms
Itching
Tissue dryness
Pallor
Range of Motion (Active vs. Passive) & Which has greater ROM?
Active - Patient does moving
Passive - Doctor does moving
Passive has greater!
Normal ROM barriers
1) Physiological barrier - extent of Active ROM
2) Anatomical barrier - limit caused by anatomical structure (limit of Passive ROM)
What is the Elastic Range in ROM?
The gap between the physiologic barrier and the anatomical barrier
What is a Restrictive Barrier in ROM?
An limit caused by some pathological entity (I.e. a Somatic dysfunction)
Levels of Evidence
1) Level A - randomized clinical trials (RCT), systematic reviews
2) Level B - case-controlled or cohort studies, retrospective study
3) Level C - consensus statements, expert guidelines, opinion
Contraindication
Situation when a treatment should not be used
OMT Contraindications
1) When there is no SD
2) When the patient says no
3) When the treatment is improper (no neck OMT on recent car crash victim w/ back pain)
How to avoid Post-OMT Symptoms
1) Physical exam and review of patient history
2) Proper selection of treatment/technique
3) Proper application of technique
4) Hydration and rest (I.e. post exercise release of Substance P. Pain in joints - OMT can have similar effect)
