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Psychology > Introduction to Psychology > Flashcards

Introduction to Psychology Flashcards

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0
Q

German scientist who accidentally conducted the first psychological experiment

A

Wilhelm Wundt

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1
Q

When did the birth of psychology occur?

A

1879

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2
Q

Russian Psychologist who discovered classical conditioning

A

Ivan Pavlov

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3
Q

The word “psychology” comes from the Greek word “_________”

A

Psyche

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4
Q

Austrian physician who developed Psychoanalysis

A

Sigmund Freud

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5
Q

Physical study of the body (different from psychology)

A

Physiology

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6
Q

Swiss biologist who is famous for studying children. Developed Piaget’s stages of development.

A

Jean Piaget

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7
Q

American psychologist who published “The Principles of Psychology”.

A

William James

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8
Q

William James highly believed in what three things?

A
  1. Pragmatism
  2. Functionalism
  3. James-Lange Theory
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9
Q

What condition did William James suffer from?

A

Long term depression

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10
Q

First female president of the A.P.A

A

Mary Calkins

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11
Q

Until the 1920’s, psychology was thought of as”___ _______ __ _______ ______”

A

The science of mental life

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12
Q

Greek who theorized the brain was the seed for progress

A

Plato

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13
Q

What is a psychoanalysis?

A

Analyzing someone’s mind

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14
Q

Until the 1920s, psychology was thought of as “the _______ of _______ life”.

A

Science

Mental

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15
Q

What is behaviorism?

A

Uses objective evidence of behavior as a basis for evidence and the only concern for research.

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16
Q

What is humanistic psychology?

A

rebelled against both psychoanalysis and behaviorism

17
Q

What is cognitive neuroscience?

A

Study of biological foundations and mental phenomena

18
Q

What is psychology?

A

The science of behavior and mental processes

19
Q

What is behavior?

A

Anything an organism does

20
Q

What are mental processes?

A

subjective experiences-experiences based on our own personal accounts.

21
Q

Psychology is a science that requires:

A
  • It requires observable and measureable results.
  • There must be a methodology to it.
  • Results must be repeatable.
22
Q

What are the three main levels of analysis?

A

Biological
Psychological
Social-cultural

23
Q

What are levels of analysis?

A

the differing complementary views for analyzing any given phenomenon.

24
Q

From the three main levels of analysis we get ______________ .

A

biopsychosocial

25
Q

What is neuroscience?

A

To see how and why the brain does what it does.

26
Q

What is evolutionary?

A

To see how humans adapt to environmental pressures, because of survival skills.

27
Q

What is behavior genetics?

A

how much our genes and our environment influence us individually

28
Q

What are Psychodynamic?

A

how behavior springs form unconscious drives and conflicts.

29
Q

What is behavioral?

A

How we learn observably responses

30
Q

What is cognitive?

A

How we transfer and store memories.

31
Q

What is social culture?

A

How our behaviors and ways of thinking change depending on culture.

32
Q

What is hindsight bias?

A

Thinking you know everything after it has happened.

33
Q

What is overconfidence?

A

Thinking you know more than you actually do

34
Q

In order for an experiment to be operational it must be _________.

A

Replicated

35
Q

What is a case study?

A

Examining an individual or group in depth in order to find a universal answer.

36
Q

What’s a survey?

A

Collecting information that cannot be studied by an experiment. Like attitudes or opinions.

37
Q

What is naturalistic observation?

A

Observing something in its own environment without any interruptions.

38
Q

What is a correlation?

A

One way in which one factor is related to anther factor, by one common factor.

39
Q

What is correlation coefficient?

A

the mathematical expression of the relationship

40
Q

What is an Illusory correlation?

A

The illusion of a relationship when there isn’t one there.

Psychology (4 decks)

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