Introduction to Plumbing 2.0 Flashcards
What are the subsystems of Sanitary Drainage System?
• Waste Collection System
• Ventilation System
What are the essential parts of the Sanitary Drainage System?
• Waste Pipe
• Vent Pipe
• Trap
• Stack
• Branch
• House/Building Drain
• House/Building Sewer
It is an essential part of Sanitary Drainage System which conveys only wastewater or liquid waste free of fecal matter.
Waste Pipe
It is an essential part of Sanitary Drainage System which is used for ensuring the circulation of air in a plumbing system and
for relieving the negative pressure exerted on trap seals.
Vent Pipe
It is an essential part of Sanitary Drainage System which is a a fitting or device designed and constructed to provide, when
properly vented, a liquid seal which prevents the backflow of
foul air or methane gas without materially affecting the flow of
sewage or wastewater through it.
Trap
It is an essential part of Sanitary Drainage System which is the vertical main of a system of soil, waste or vent pipings
extending through one or more stories and extended thru the
roof
Stack
It is an essential part of Sanitary Drainage System which is any part of the piping system other than a main, riser or stack.
Branch
It is an essential part of Sanitary Drainage System which is part of the lowest horizontal piping of a plumbing system which
receives the discharges from the soil, waste and other
drainage pipes inside of a building and conveys it to the house
sewer outside of the building.
House/Building Drain
It is an essential part of Sanitary Drainage System which extends from the house drain at a point 0.60 meters from the
outside face of the foundation wall of a building to the junction
with the street sewer or to any point of discharge, and
conveying the drainage of one building site.
House/Building Sewer
What are the Principles of Waste and Soil (Excreta) Pipes Roughing-in?
- Horizontal to Horizontal change in direction
- Vertical to Horizontal change in direction
- Horizontal to vertical change in direction
The fixture unit rating of plumbing fixtures is based on?
Size of required trap
How much does a lavatory discharges?
0.47 liters/sec or 28.3 liters/min (7.5
gallons per min or 1 cu ft per min)
What is the minimum slope or pitch of horizontal drainage pipe?
2% or 20mm/m (¼” per foot)
What are the exceptions for minimum slope of Sanitary Drainage Lines?
- impracticable due to depth of street sewer
- adverse structural features and irregular building plans
- pipes 102 mm diameter or larger may have a slope of not less than 1% or 10mm/m (1/8” per foot), approved by the Administrative Authority
What are the different types of permissible traps?
- Common P-trap
- Deep Seal P-trap
- Stand Trap
- Running Trap
- Drum Trap
It is a type of permissible trap that is used for lavatories, kitchen sinks,
laundry tubs, & urinals
Common P-trap
It is a type of permissible trap that is used for extreme conditions because resealing quality is greater. It is is about twice the size of
The common P-trap
Deep Seal P-trap
It is a type of permissible trap that is used for fixtures such as slop sinks that are usually built low in the ground, leaving very little space for a foundation & a trap. It serves as a water seal & structural support for the fixture
Stand Trap
It is a type of permissible trap that is used within the line of
the house drain
Running Trap
It is a type of permissible trap that is used for fixtures that discharge large amount of water (bathtubs, shower or floor drains) and has a large diameter (around 0.16 m)
Drum Trap
What are he different types of prohibited traps?
- Traps with movable parts or concealed interior partitions
- No fixtures shall be double-trapped
- The S-Trap
This type of trap is a predecessor of P-traps and is used before traps
had to connect to aventilation line
S-Trap
It is a device designed and installed to separate and retain deleterious, hazardous or undesirable matters from normal wastes and permits normal sewage or liquid wastes to discharge into the disposal terminal by gravity
Interceptors
It is a portion of the drainage pipe installation intended to maintain a balanced atmospheric pressure inside the system
Ventilation
It is a pipe or opening used for ensuring the circulation of air in a plumbing system and for relieving the negative pressure exerted on trap seals
Vent Pipe
What are the different types of vents?
MAIN TYPES:
- Main Soil and Waste Vent
- Main Vent
- Individual Vent or Back Vent
OTHER TYPES:
- Unit, Common, or Dual Vent
- Relief Vent
- Yoke or Bypass Vent
- Circuit Vent
- Looped Vent
- Wet Vent
- Local Vent
- Dry Vent
- Stack Vent
- Vent Stack
It is the ‘backbone’ of the entire sanitary system connected to the Main Soil & Waste Stack
Main Soil and Waste Vent
It is the principal artery of the venting system to which vent branches are connected a.k.a. ‘Collecting Vent Line’. serves as support to the Main Soil &
Waste Vent
Main Vent
It is a pipe installed to vent a fixture trap, that connects with the vent system above the fixture served or terminates in the open air.
Individual Vent or Back Vent
It is an arrangement of venting so
installed that one vent pipe
serve two (2) traps.
Unit, Common, Dual Vent
It is a vertical vent line that provides
additional circulation of air between
the drainage and vent systems or to
act as an auxiliary vent on a specially designed system such as a “yoke vent” connection between the
soil and vent stacks.
Relief Vent
It is a pipe connecting upward from a soil or waste stack below the floor and below horizontal connection to an adjacent vent stack at a point above the floor and higher than the highest spill level of fixtures for preventing pressure changes in the stacks.
Yoke or By-pass Vent
It is a group vent pipe which starts in front of the extreme (highest) fixture connection on a horizontal branch and connects to the vent stack a.k.a. ‘Loop Vent’. Serves a battery of fixtures
Circuit Vent
It is a vertical vent connection on a
horizontal soil or waste pipe
branch at a point downstream
of the last fixture connection
and turning to a horizontal line
above the highest overflow
level of the highest fixture
connected there. Used in spaces without partitions
Looped Vent
That portion of a vent pipe through which wastewater also
flows through.
Wet Vent
It is a pipe or shaft to convey foul air from a plumbing fixture or a room to the outer air.
Local Vent
It is a vent that does not carry liquid or water-borne wastes.
Dry Vent
It is the extension of a soil or waste stack above the highest horizontal drain connected to the stack.
Stack Vent
It is the vertical vent pipe installed
primarily for providing circulation of
air to and from any part of the soil, waste of the drainage system. The uppermost end above the roof has traditionally been referred to as Vent Stack Through Roof (VSTR).
Vent Stack
What are the different Sanitary System Problems?
Trap Seal Loss
- Siphonage
- Back Pressure
- Capillary Attraction
- Evaporation
Retardation of Flow
Deterioration of the Materials
It is the direct effect of the Minus & Plus Pressure inside the system
due to inadequate ventilation of traps
Trap Seal Loss
It is the direct and momentum
Siphonage
It is caused by extreme temperatures, idleness
Evaporation
It is due to the effect of atmospheric pressure and/or gravity
Retardation of flow
It is due to the formation of acids
Deterioration of the Materials
It is a pipe that does not connect directly with the drainage system but conveys liquid wastes by discharging into a plumbing fixture, interceptor or receptacle directly connected to the drainage system.
Indirect Waste Pipe
What are the different types of House Drain Appliances?
Grease Trap
- Earth Cooled Grease Trap
- Mechanical Grease Trap
House Trap
Drain Tiles
Garage Traps
Backflow Valves
Sewage Ejectors
It is used for establishments like restaurants, cafes, lunch counters,
cafeterias, bars and clubs, hotel, hospital, sanitarium, factory or school kitchens. A grease trap is not required for individual dwelling units.
Used for fixtures where grease may be introduced into the drainage or sewer system in quantities that can effect line stoppage or hinder sewage treatment or private sewage disposal.
GREASE TRAPS
It is placed in the house drain immediately inside the foundation wall of the building
HOUSE TRAPS
It is used to prevent groundwater from seeping through the basement walls & foundation. Hollow tiles are placed around the perimeter of the foundation
where water is collected; drain tiles are connected to the house
drain or sump pit
DRAIN TILES
a.k.a. garage catch basin
Operating Principles: trap is filled with water & located at the
lowest point of the garage so it can collect all wastes.
Garage Traps
It is used in house drain to prevent the unlikely occurrence of
back flows. Similar to check valves
Back Flow Valves