Introduction to Organic Chem, Types of reactions

Question 1

Define substitution reaction

Answer 1

Substitution reaction involves the replacement of one atom or group of atoms by another atom or group of atoms in an organic molecule.

Question 2

Define addition reaction

Answer 2

Addition reaction involves a small molecule being ADDED (only 1 product) to an UNSATURATED organic molecule to form only one saturated product.

Question 3

Define elimination reaction

Answer 3

Elimination reaction involves atoms or a group of atoms being removed from 2 adjacent atoms in a SATURATED organic molecule to produce an UNSATURATED molecule and a small molecule.

Question 4

Define condensation reaction

Answer 4

Condensation reaction involves the COMBINATION of 2 different functional groups with the REMOVAL of a small molecule, such as H2O or HCl.

Question 5

Define hydrolysis reaction

Answer 5

Hydrolysis reaction refers to the BREAKING DOWN of one big molecule into 2 smaller molecules by the action of water.

Question 6

Define oxidation reaction

Answer 6

Oxidation reaction refers to the GAINING of OXYGEN ATOM and or LOSS of HYDROGEN ATOM by organic molecules in the reaction with an OXIDISING AGENT.

Question 7

Define reduction reaction

Answer 7

Reduction reaction refers to the LOSS of OXYGEN ATOM and or GAINING of HYDROGEN ATOM by the organic molecule in the reaction with a REDUCING AGENT.

Question 8

Define acid-base reaction

Answer 8

Acid-base reaction refers to the LOSING or GAINING of H+ ions by organic molecule in the reaction with an acid or base.