Introduction to Networking P2

Question 1

In every NOS, groups form the basis for resource and account management.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

A benefit to using an NTFS partition is that it can be read by older operating systems, such as Windows 95, Windows 2000 Professional, and early versions of UNIX.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The term domain model refers to a type of peer-to-peer network that relies on domains rather than on workgroups.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

In UNIX, you combine commands using a pipe, which is entered as a forward slash ( / ).

Answer 4

False

Question 5

____ is one of the most important functions an NOS provides.

Answer 5

Client support

Question 6

A piece of software called ____ translates requests and responses between a client and a server.

Answer 6

middleware

Question 7

A(n) ____ is a list that organizes resources and associates them with their characteristics.

Answer 7

directory

Question 8

A(n) ____ is the record of a user that contains all of his properties, including rights to resources, password, name, and so on.

Answer 8

account

Question 9

The printer queue is a ____ representation of the printer’s input and output.

Answer 9

logical

Question 10

The term ____ memory refers to the RAM chips that are installed on the computer’s system board and whose sole function is to provide memory to that machine.

Answer 10

physical

Question 11

____ memory may be logically carved out of space on the hard drive for temporary use.

Answer 11

Virtual

Question 12

A(n) ____ is a routine of sequential instructions that runs until it has achieved its goal.

Answer 12

process

Question 13

A(n) ____ is a self-contained, well-defined task within a process.

Answer 13

thread

Question 14

The support and use of multiple processors to handle multiple threads is known as ____.

Answer 14

multiprocessing

Question 15

A(n) ____ is a pictorial representation of computer functions that, in the case of NOSs, enables administrators to manage files, users, groups, security, printers, and so on.

Answer 15

GUI

Question 16

A workgroup is a group of interconnected computers that share each other’s resources without relying on a central ____.

Answer 16

server

Question 17

The directory containing information about objects in a domain resides on computers called ____ controllers.

Answer 17

domain

Question 18

The process of copying directory data to multiple domain controllers is known as ____.

Answer 18

replication

Question 19

Active Directory organizes multiple domains hierarchically in a domain ____.

Answer 19

tree

Question 20

Naming (or addressing) conventions in Active Directory are based on the ____ naming conventions.

Answer 20

LDAP

Question 21

A GUID (globally unique identifier) is a 128-bit number that ensures that no two objects have ____ names.

Answer 21

duplicate

Question 22

The primary function of the UNIX ____ is to coordinate access to all your computer’s hardware, such as the disks, memory, keyboard, and monitor.

Answer 22

kernel

Question 23

UNIX was one of the first operating systems to implement a ____ file system.

Answer 23

hierarchical

Question 24

Solaris employs the file system called ____ for its native file system type.

Answer 24

UFS

Question 25

Every UNIX and Linux system contains full documentation of UNIX commands in the ____ pages.

Answer 25

man

Question 26

In CIDR, conventional network class distinctions do not exist.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

The MIME standard replaces SMTP.

Answer 27

False

Question 28

POP3’s design makes it best suited to users who retrieve their mail from the same workstation all the time.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

IMAP4 servers require less storage space and usually more processing resources than POP servers do.

Answer 29

False

Question 30

A class ____ network class is reserved for special purposes.

Answer 30

D

Question 31

In ____ addressing, only Class A, Class B, and Class C addresses are recognized.

Answer 31

classful

Question 32

In classful addressing, the Class B IPv4 address network ID is located in the ____.

Answer 32

first 16 bits

Question 33

In classful addressing, Class C IPv4 address host information is located in the ____.

Answer 33

last 8 bits

Question 34

Within a classful addressing subnet mask, the ____ bits indicate that corresponding bits in an IPv4 address contain network information.

Answer 34

1

Question 35

Within a classful addressing, ____ is the default subnet mask for a Class C address.

Answer 35

255.255.255.0

Question 36

The result from ANDing 11001111 with 10010001 is ____.

Answer 36

10000001

Question 37

When using classful IPv4 addressing, a network ID always ends with an octet of ____.

Answer 37

0

Question 38

Because the octets equal to 0 and 255 are ____, only the numbers 1 through 254 can be used for host information in an IPv4 address.

Answer 38

reserved

Question 39

CIDR notation takes the form of the network ID followed by a(n) ____, followed by the number of bits that are used for the extended network prefix.

Answer 39

forward slash ( / )

Question 40

The ____ gateway is the gateway that first interprets its outbound requests to other subnets, and then interprets its inbound requests from other subnets.

Answer 40

default

Question 41

The gateways that make up the Internet backbone are called ____ gateways.

Answer 41

core

Question 42

An example of a popular mail server is ____.

Answer 42

Microsoft Exchange Server

Question 43

An example of a popular client email software is ____.

Answer 43

Microsoft Outlook

Question 44

SMTP operates from port ____.

Answer 44

25

Question 45

The standard message format specified by SMTP allows for lines that contain no more than ____ ASCII characters.

Answer 45

1000

Question 46

POP3 (Post Office Protocol, version 3) relies on TCP and operates over port ____.

Answer 46

110

Question 47

IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) is a mail retrieval protocol that was developed as a more sophisticated alternative to ____.

Answer 47

POP3

Question 48

An administrator can discover the host name assigned to a client by using the ____ utility.

Answer 48

hostname

Question 49

A program similar to mtr, ____, is available as a command-line utility in Windows XP, Vista, Server 2003, and Server 2008.

Answer 49

pathping

Question 50

The ____ utility allows you to view a host’s routing table.

Answer 50

route

Question 51

All VoIP calls are carried over the Internet.

Answer 51

False

Question 52

An off-the-shelf workstation can be programmed to act like an IP telephone.

Answer 52

True

Question 53

SIP and H.323 account for communication between media gateways.

Answer 53

False

Question 54

It is more difficult to transmit VoIP and video over IP signals over a packet-switched network than it is to transmit data signals.

Answer 54

True

Question 55

____ is the use of one network to simultaneously carry voice, video, and data communications.

Answer 55

Convergence

Question 56

____ describes the use of any network to carry voice signals using the TCP/IP protocol.

Answer 56

IP telephony

Question 57

When VoIP relies on the Internet, it is often called ____.

Answer 57

Internet telephony

Question 58

IPTV, videoconferencing, streaming video, and IP multicasting belong to the range of services known as ____.

Answer 58

video over IP

Question 59

____ messaging is a service that makes several forms of communication available from a single user interface.

Answer 59

Unified

Question 60

Using VoIP over a WAN allows an organization to avoid paying long-distance telephone charges, a benefit known as ____.

Answer 60

toll bypass

Question 61

When using an analog telephone, a VoIP adapter that performs analog-to-digital conversion is known as a(n) ____.

Answer 61

ATA (analog telephone adapter)

Question 62

In general, a(n) ____ is a private switch that accepts and interprets both analog and digital voice signals.

Answer 62

IP-PBX

Question 63

When a caller uses an IP telephone, his or her voice is immediately digitized and issued from the telephone to the network in ____ form.

Answer 63

packet

Question 64

A computer programmed to act like an IP telephone is known as a(n) ____.

Answer 64

softphone

Question 65

The popular Internet telephony software, Skype, is a type of ____.

Answer 65

softphone

Question 66

Among all video-over-IP applications, ____ is perhaps the simplest.

Answer 66

streaming video

Question 67

One drawback to ____ video is that content may not be edited before it’s distributed.

Answer 67

live streaming

Question 68

Many streaming video services - and nearly all of those issued over a public network, such as the Internet - are examples of ____ transmissions.

Answer 68

unicast

Question 69

When more than two people participate in a videoconference, for example, in a point-to-multipoint or multipoint-to-multipoint scenario, a video ____ is required.

Answer 69

bridge

Question 70

____ signaling functions are more limited than those performed by the protocols in the H.323 group.

Answer 70

SIP

Question 71

SIP and H.323 regulate ____ for VoIP or video-over-IP clients and servers.

Answer 71

call signaling and control

Question 72

A(n) ____ is a computer that manages multiple media gateways.

Answer 72

MGC

Question 73

Many network engineers consider ____ to be superior to MGCP.

Answer 73

MEGACO

Question 74

____ is preferred over TCP for real-time applications such as telephone conversations and videoconferencing.

Answer 74

UDP

Question 75

____ is a measure of how well a network service matches its expected performance.

Answer 75

QoS

Question 76

Human errors, ignorance, and omissions cause more than half of all security breaches sustained by networks.

Answer 76

True

Question 77

Network security is more often compromised “from the inside” than from external sources.

Answer 77

True

Question 78

Encryption is the last means of defense against data theft.

Answer 78

True

Question 79

By default, the 802.11 standard offers substantial security.

Answer 79

False

Question 80

____ is a social engineering practice in which a person attempts to glean access or authentication information by posing as someone who needs that information.

Answer 80

Phishing

Question 81

In a ____ attack, a person redirects or captures secure transmissions as they occur.

Answer 81

man-in-the-middle

Question 82

____ software searches a node for open ports.

Answer 82

Port scanner

Question 83

A router that is not configured to drop packets that match certain suspicious characteristics is an example of a risk associated with ____.

Answer 83

transmission and hardware

Question 84

An NOS that contains a “back door”is an example of a risk associated with ____.

Answer 84

protocols and software

Question 85

A ____ attack occurs when an Internet chat user sends commands to a victim’s machine that cause the screen to fill with garbage characters and requires the victim to terminate their chat sessions.

Answer 85

flashing

Question 86

A ____ attack occurs when a system becomes unable to function because it has been deluged with data transmissions or otherwise disrupted.

Answer 86

denial-of-service

Question 87

A ____ main function is to examine packets and determine where to direct them based on their Network layer addressing information.

Answer 87

router’s

Question 88

A ____ firewall is a router (or a computer installed with software that enables it to act as a router) that examines the header of every packet of data it receives to determine whether that type of packet is authorized to continue to its destination.

Answer 88

packet-filtering

Question 89

A ____ attack occurs when a hacker uses programs that try a combination of a user ID and every word in a dictionary to gain access to the network.

Answer 89

dictionary

Question 90

A ____ attack occurs when a hacker tries numerous possible character combinations to find the key that will decrypt encrypted data.

Answer 90

brute force

Question 91

The combination of a public key and a private key is known as a ____.

Answer 91

key pair

Question 92

A(n) ____ is a password-protected and encrypted file that holds an individual’s identification information, including a public key.

Answer 92

digital certificate

Question 93

The use of certificate authorities to associate public keys with certain users is known as ____.

Answer 93

PKI

Question 94

____ is a public key encryption system that can verify the authenticity of an e-mail sender and encrypt e-mail data in transmission.

Answer 94

PGP

Question 95

____ is a method of encrypting TCP/IP transmissions.

Answer 95

SSL

Question 96

In ____ , a hacker forges name server records to falsify his host’s identity.

Answer 96

DNS spoofing

Question 97

A VPN ____ authenticates VPN clients and establishes tunnels for VPN connections.

Answer 97

concentrator

Question 98

____ protocols are the rules that computers follow to accomplish authentication.

Answer 98

Authentication

Question 99

RADIUS and TACACS belong to a category of protocols known as AAA (____).

Answer 99

authentication, authorization, and accounting

Question 100

In ____, both computers verify the credentials of the other.

Answer 100

mutual authentication

Question 101

Some software errors point to a physical connectivity problem.

Answer 101

True

Question 102

Logical connectivity problems often prove more difficult to isolate and resolve than physical connectivity problems.

Answer 102

True

Question 103

Continuity testers can test only copper cable.

Answer 103

False

Question 104

Most wireless testing tools contain more powerful antennas than a workstation NIC.

Answer 104

True

Question 105

An administrator should take the time to troubleshoot all network problems correctly by asking specific questions designed to identify the problem ____.

Answer 105

scope

Question 106

____ are often considered first-level support.

Answer 106

Help desk analysts

Question 107

____ are often considered third-level support.

Answer 107

Help desk coordinators

Question 108

____ is one of the most important aspects to consider when looking at how a problem solution might affect users and network functionality.

Answer 108

Scope

Question 109

A ____ is a document (preferably online) that lists every service and software package supported within an organization, plus the names of first- and second-level support contacts for those services or software packages.

Answer 109

supported services list

Question 110

In a ____ cable, the transmit and receive wire pairs in one of the connectors are reversed.

Answer 110

crossover

Question 111

A____ is a small electronic device that issues a signal on a wire pair.

Answer 111

tone generator

Question 112

____ is a fundamental property of wire that depends on a wire’s molecular structure and size.

Answer 112

Resistance

Question 113

Resistance is measured in ____.

Answer 113

ohms

Question 114

____ is the telltale factor for ascertaining where faults in a cable lie.

Answer 114

Impedance

Question 115

When used on a copper-based cable, a continuity tester applies a small amount of ____ to each conductor at one end of the cable.

Answer 115

voltage

Question 116

A ____ can be used to intercept a telephone conversation.

Answer 116

butt set

Question 117

A ____ is a software-based tool that continually monitors network traffic from a server or workstation attached to the network.

Answer 117

network monitor

Question 118

To take advantage of network monitoring and analyzing tools, the network adapter installed in the machine running the software must support ____ mode.

Answer 118

promiscuous

Question 119

____ packets exceed the medium’s maximum packet size.

Answer 119

Giant

Question 120

____ are frames that are not actually data frames, but aberrations caused by a device misinterpreting stray voltage on the wire.

Answer 120

Ghosts

Question 121

A ____ usually results from a bad NIC.

Answer 121

jabber

Question 122

A ____ can generate traffic in an attempt to reproduce a network problem and monitor multiple network segments simultaneously.

Answer 122

protocol analyzer

Question 123

The danger in using a ____ is that it could collect more information than you or the machine can reasonably process.

Answer 123

protocol analyzer

Question 124

Before using a network monitor or protocol analyzer on a network, it is important to know what ____ on your network normally looks like.

Answer 124

traffic

Question 125

Viewing the status of the wireless connection on your workstation tells you ____ about your wireless environment.

Answer 125

a little

Question 126

Protection against harmful code involves more than just installing anti-malware software.

Answer 126

True

Question 127

When implementing anti-malware software on a network, one of your most important decisions is where to install the software.

Answer 127

True

Question 128

An anti-malware policy is meant to protect the network from damage and downtime.

Answer 128

True

Question 129

The goal of fault-tolerant systems is to prevent failures from progressing to faults.

Answer 129

False

Question 130

____ is intended to eliminate single points of failure.

Answer 130

Redundancy

Question 131

A program that disguises itself as something useful but actually harms your system is called a ____.

Answer 131

Trojan horse

Question 132

____ are programs that run independently and travel between computers and across networks.

Answer 132

Worms

Question 133

A ____ is a program that runs automatically, without requiring a person to start or stop it.

Answer 133

bot

Question 134

A(n) ____ virus disguises itself as a legitimate program to prevent detection.

Answer 134

stealth

Question 135

A(n) ____ virus changes its characteristics every time it is transferred to a new system.

Answer 135

polymorphic

Question 136

____ scanning detects malware by comparing a file’s content with known malware signatures in a signature database.

Answer 136

Signature

Question 137

____ detects malware by comparing current characteristics of files and disks against an archived version of these characteristics to discover any changes.

Answer 137

Integrity checking

Question 138

____ scanning techniques attempt to identify malware by discovering “malware-like” behavior.

Answer 138

Heuristic

Question 139

A(n) ____ is a deviation from a specified level of system performance for a given period of time.

Answer 139

failure

Question 140

Power that is free from noise is called “____” power.

Answer 140

clean

Question 141

A(n) ____ UPS uses the A/C power from the wall outlet to continuously charge its battery, while providing power to a network device through its battery.

Answer 141

online

Question 142

Mesh topologies and ____ topologies are good choices for highly available enterprise networks.

Answer 142

SONET rings

Question 143

____ is an automatic distribution of traffic over multiple links or processors to optimize response.

Answer 143

Load balancing

Question 144

____ offers the best performance.

Answer 144

RAID Level 0

Question 145

____ provides redundancy through a process called disk mirroring.

Answer 145

RAID Level 1

Question 146

In ____, parity error checking occurs when data is written across the disk array.

Answer 146

RAID Level 3

Question 147

____ is a specialized storage device or group of storage devices that provides centralized fault-tolerant data storage for a network.

Answer 147

NAS

Question 148

____ are distinct networks of storage devices that communicate directly with each other and with other networks.

Answer 148

SANs

Question 149

____ is a type of media capable of storing digitized data and that uses a laser to write data to it and read data from it.

Answer 149

Optical media

Question 150

An archive ____ is a file attribute that can be checked or unchecked to indicate whether the file must be archived.

Answer 150

bit

Question 151

Documenting and capturing an accurate picture of a network’s physical and logical elements are initial steps in understanding the network.

Answer 151

True

Question 152

The more data you gather while establishing your network’s baseline, the less accurate your prediction will be.

Answer 152

False

Question 153

The first step in configuration management is to take an inventory of each node on the network.

Answer 153

False

Question 154

For a cabling upgrade, the best way to ensure that future upgrades go smoothly is to carefully document the existing cable after making any upgrades.

Answer 154

False

Question 155

____ management is the collection, storage, and assessment of information related to the versions of software installed on every network device and every device’s hardware configuration.

Answer 155

Configuration

Question 156

A(n) ____ is a graphical representation of a network’s devices and connections

Answer 156

network diagram

Question 157

A(n) ____ is a graphical representation of a network’s wired infrastructure.

Answer 157

wiring schematic

Question 158

____ management refers to monitoring how well links and devices are keeping up with the demands placed on them.

Answer 158

Performance

Question 159

____ management refers to the detection and signaling of device, link, or component faults

Answer 159

Fault

Question 160

The process where one network management console collects data from multiple networked devices at regular intervals is known as ____.

Answer 160

polling

Question 161

A network management agent is a ____ that collects information about a device’s operation and provides it to the network management application.

Answer 161

software routine

Question 162

____ involves manipulating certain characteristics of packets, data streams, or connections to manage the type and amount of traffic traversing a network or interface at any moment.

Answer 162

Traffic shaping

Question 163

____is the local storage of frequently needed files that would otherwise be obtained from an external source.

Answer 163

Caching

Question 164

The most common type of caching is ____ caching.

Answer 164

Web

Question 165

A ____ is a network device devoted to storage and delivery of frequently requested files.

Answer 165

cache engine

Question 166

A key component in managing networks is identifying and tracking its hardware and software through ____ management.

Answer 166

asset

Question 167

A ____ is a correction, improvement, or enhancement to a particular piece of a software application.

Answer 167

patch

Question 168

A ____ is a major change to a software package’s existing code

Answer 168

software upgrade

Question 169

____ upgrades represent modifications to all or part of an application that are designed to enhance functionality or fix problems related to software.

Answer 169

Application

Question 170

The most critical type of software upgrade you will perform is an upgrade to your ____.

Answer 170

NOS

Question 171

The process of reverting to a previous version of software after attempting to upgrade it is known as ____.

Answer 171

backleveling

Question 172

A networked ____ is perhaps the simplest device to add.

Answer 172

workstation

Question 173

Above all, keep ____ in mind when you upgrade or install hardware on a network.

Answer 173

safety

Question 174

The most comprehensive and complex upgrade involving network hardware is a(n) ____ upgrade.

Answer 174

backbone

Question 175

Because backbone upgrades are expensive and time consuming, the first step in approaching such a project is to ____ it.

Answer 175

justify