introduction to mycology Flashcards
Beauveria bassiana
nearly destroyed the Chinese silk industry
fungi
- unicellular of multicellular eukaryotes
- lack chlorophyll and thus require and external carbon source
- have rigid cell wall composed of chitin, mannan,cellulose, glucan and chitosan
What are the two form of fungi
- yeast
- mold
yeast
- oval, spherical or elongated single cells
- 3-5um in diameter
- reproduce by budding or both budding and spore formation
molds
- filamentous with branching filaments or hyphae 2-10 um in diameter
- usually large fluffy colonies on lab media and produce aerial fruiting hyphae that bear asexual spores
mycelium
hyphae grow to form these tangled masses
demataceous
pigmented (usually brown) mold
hyaline
non-pigmented mold
coenocytic
non-septate mold
septate
obvious cross walls or spetae mold
dimorphic fungi
- can be yeast or mold depending on the environmental temperature
- yeast in animal tissue or at 37 degrees C
- molds in natural environment or at 25 degrees C
asexual spores
-produced by mitosis
what are the two main types of asexual spores
- sporangiospores
- conidia
sporangiospores
spores formed within a sac like structure
conidia
spores formed on conidiophores
asexual spores produced by fungi of veterinary importance
- arthroconidia
- blastoconidia
- chlamydoconidia
- macroconidia
- microconidia
- phialoconidia
arthroconidia
spores are formed and released during he process of hyphal fragmentation
blastoconidia
produced by budding
chlamydoconidia
thick-walled resistant spores which contain storage products
macroconidia
-large multi celled conidia which are produced by dermatophytes in culture
microconidia
small conidia which are produced by certain dermatophytes
phialoconidia
conidia produced from phialides
sexual spores
produced through fusion of the protoplasm and nuclei of two cells by meiosis
zygospores
develop in a thick-walled zygosporangium, formed from the fusion of side projections of two compatible hyphae
basidiospores
produced on club-shaped structures called basidia
ascospores
develop in a saclike structure
superficial or cutaneous mycoses
associated with hair, nails, and keratinized layers of the skin
sub-cutaneous mycoses
affect mainly, bone, muscle, and fascia
systemic mycoses
internal organs are affected following hematogeous dissemination from the lungs
mechanisms involved in fungal diseases
- tissue invasion (mycosis)
- toxin production (mycotoxicosis)
- induction of hypersensativity
