introduction to mycology

Question 1

Beauveria bassiana

Answer 1

nearly destroyed the Chinese silk industry

Question 2

fungi

Answer 2

• unicellular of multicellular eukaryotes
• lack chlorophyll and thus require and external carbon source
• have rigid cell wall composed of chitin, mannan,cellulose, glucan and chitosan

Question 3

What are the two form of fungi

Answer 3

• yeast

- mold

Question 4

yeast

Answer 4

• oval, spherical or elongated single cells
• 3-5um in diameter
• reproduce by budding or both budding and spore formation

Question 5

molds

Answer 5

• filamentous with branching filaments or hyphae 2-10 um in diameter
• usually large fluffy colonies on lab media and produce aerial fruiting hyphae that bear asexual spores

Question 6

mycelium

Answer 6

hyphae grow to form these tangled masses

Question 7

demataceous

Answer 7

pigmented (usually brown) mold

Question 8

hyaline

Answer 8

non-pigmented mold

Question 9

coenocytic

Answer 9

non-septate mold

Question 10

septate

Answer 10

obvious cross walls or spetae mold

Question 11

dimorphic fungi

Answer 11

• can be yeast or mold depending on the environmental temperature
  - yeast in animal tissue or at 37 degrees C
  - molds in natural environment or at 25 degrees C

Question 12

asexual spores

Answer 12

-produced by mitosis

Question 13

what are the two main types of asexual spores

Answer 13

• sporangiospores

- conidia

Question 14

sporangiospores

Answer 14

spores formed within a sac like structure

Question 15

conidia

Answer 15

spores formed on conidiophores

Question 16

asexual spores produced by fungi of veterinary importance

Answer 16

• arthroconidia
• blastoconidia
• chlamydoconidia
• macroconidia
• microconidia
• phialoconidia

Question 17

arthroconidia

Answer 17

spores are formed and released during he process of hyphal fragmentation

Question 18

blastoconidia

Answer 18

produced by budding

Question 19

chlamydoconidia

Answer 19

thick-walled resistant spores which contain storage products

Question 20

macroconidia

Answer 20

-large multi celled conidia which are produced by dermatophytes in culture

Question 21

microconidia

Answer 21

small conidia which are produced by certain dermatophytes

Question 22

phialoconidia

Answer 22

conidia produced from phialides

Question 23

sexual spores

Answer 23

produced through fusion of the protoplasm and nuclei of two cells by meiosis

Question 24

zygospores

Answer 24

develop in a thick-walled zygosporangium, formed from the fusion of side projections of two compatible hyphae

Question 25

basidiospores

Answer 25

produced on club-shaped structures called basidia

Question 26

ascospores

Answer 26

develop in a saclike structure

Question 27

superficial or cutaneous mycoses

Answer 27

associated with hair, nails, and keratinized layers of the skin

Question 28

sub-cutaneous mycoses

Answer 28

affect mainly, bone, muscle, and fascia

Question 29

systemic mycoses

Answer 29

internal organs are affected following hematogeous dissemination from the lungs

Question 30

mechanisms involved in fungal diseases

Answer 30

• tissue invasion (mycosis)
• toxin production (mycotoxicosis)
• induction of hypersensativity