Introduction to Musculoskeletal

Question 1

What is OP4QRST used for

Answer 1

MSK history

Question 2

What does OP4QRST stand for

Answer 2

Onset
Precipitation
palliation
provocation
progression
quality
radiation
severity
timing

Question 3

What are the cardinal signs of inflammation

Answer 3

Calor, Rubor, tumor, Dolor - loss of function
Heat, Redness, swelling, Pain and loss of function

Question 4

What is important to get during an MSK History

Answer 4

dominant hand, MOI, PMH, Medications, PSH, PH, SH

Question 5

What does the sagittal plane the body into

Answer 5

Right and left - runs anterior to posterior

Question 6

What plane divides the body into anterior and postierior

Answer 6

coronal

Question 7

what plane divides the body into superior and inferior

Answer 7

Transverse plane

Question 8

What is the reduction in the ankle between two body parts known as

Answer 8

flexion

Question 9

when the angle between to body parts increases, what is this known as

Answer 9

extension

Question 10

What is it called when you bring the thumb to the tip of another finger (typically the small finger)

Answer 10

opposition

Question 11

What is the normal hip flexion

Answer 11

130 degrees

Question 12

What connect muscles to bones

Answer 12

tendons

Question 13

what connects bones to bones

Answer 13

ligaments - connective tissue

Question 14

What are tendons?

Answer 14

connective tissues that attach muscles to bone and aid in the movement of joints

Question 15

what is it called when tendons become inflamed

Answer 15

tendonitis
often associated with overuse injuries, pain/tenderness near the joint +/- edema

Question 16

When is a tendon injury considered urgent?

Answer 16

rupture and requiring surgical repair

Question 17

What are ligaments

Answer 17

connective tissue that attached bone to bone and provides stability
does not become inflamed because they are not vascularized.

Question 18

What is it called when there is a stretching or tearing of a ligement

Answer 18

sprain

Question 19

how are sprains classificed

Answer 19

grade 1 - grade 3

Question 20

patient present with pain, edema, ecchymosis of the knee but is able to weight bear through the leg and has normal range of motion, what type of injury do they have?

Answer 20

Grade 1 sprain

Question 21

a patient presents with no pain, severely impaired weight bearing abilities, instability and extreme limitations for range of motion, what type of injury do they likely have?

Answer 21

grade 3 sprain and require non-weight bearing, activity restrictions, pain control and often surgery as these are likely complete ruptures

Question 22

What is a strain

Answer 22

a stretching of a muscle or tendon

Question 23

what are the degrees of strains?

Answer 23

grade 1- grade 3

Question 24

how does a patient with a grade 2 strain present?

Answer 24

unable to continue activity
clear loss of strength/ROM
>10-15% disruption of muscle fibers; tendon retraction

Question 25

a patient presents with sharp pain at the time of injury and pain with activity but is able to continue activity, mild/localized tenderness, non loss of ROM/strength, what grade strain do they likely have

Answer 25

Grade 1 strain

Question 26

What is it when a patient has a partial loss of contact between two joint surfaces that reduces on its own?

Answer 26

Subluxaton

Question 27

what is the presentation of a patient after a subluxation injury

Answer 27

pain, edema and partial loss of function

No deformity (reduced by time of exam)

Question 28

what patient populations are at an increased risk for subluxation injuries

Answer 28

previous joint laxity and recurrent subluxations/dislocations

Question 29

how do you treat a subluxation injury

Answer 29

rest, ice and pain control

Question 30

what is the typical presentation for a dislocation injury

Answer 30

complete loss of contact between two joint surfaces - including disruption in soft tissues

often required reduction by a clinician