introduction to muscular system Flashcards
covers an individual muscle fiber
endomysium
covers a bundle of skeletal muscle fibers
perimysium
covers the whole muscle fiber
epimysium
organelle packed with myofilaments
myofibril
transverse tubule and its flanking terminal cisternae
triad
invagination of the sarcolemma
transverse tubule
the region of sarcolemma across from the axon terminal at the neuromuscular junction
motor end plate
consists of actin, troponin, tropomyosin
thin filament
stores calcium
sarcoplasmic reticulum
consists of myosin
thick filament
functional unit of muscle contraction
sarcomere
a bundle of muscle fibers
fascicles
cytoskeletal elements
neurofibrils
gaps between schwann cells
nodes of ranvier
contain synaptic vesicles
axon terminals
produce neurotransmitters
nissl bodies
terminal branch of axon
telodendria
List the three categories of neurons based on structure.
multipolar neurons
bipolar neurons
unipolar neurons
List the three categories of neurons based on function.
afferent, efferent, interneurons
in order of the neuron smear structure from middle to outward
NCADG nucleolus nucleus cellbody axon dendrites glia
components of nerve from middle to outwards
myelin sheath axon endoneurium perineurium epineurium
houses the corpora quadrigemina
midbrain
components of the diencephalon
thalamus, epithalmus, hypothalmus
connects the third and fourth ventricles
cerebral aqueduct
continuous with the spinal cord
medulla oblongata
produces cerebrospinal fluid
choroid plexus
components of the brain stem
pons, midbrain, medulla oblongata
major homeostatic organ
hypothalmus
contains brocas area
cerebrum
structure from which the pineal gland extends
epithalmus
contains lateral ventricles
cerebrum
contains arbor vitae
cerebellum
anatomy of the spinal cord from the middle to outward
GAP AF gray commissure anterior horn (bottom) posterior horn (top) anterior median fissure funiculi
12 cranial nerves in order
Ooh, Ooh, Ooh, to touch and feel very good velvet. Such heaven I Olfactory (Smell) II Optic (Sight) III Oculomotor (Moves eyelid and eyeball and adjusts the pupil and lens of the eye) IV Trochlear (Moves eyeballs) V Trigeminal (Facial muscles incl. ... VI Abducens (Moves eyeballs) VII Facial (Taste, tears, saliva, facial expressions) VIII vestibularcochlear (auditory) IX glossopharyngeal (swallowing, saliva, taste) X vagus (control of PNS, smooth muscle GI tract) XI Accessory (moveing head and shoulder, swallowing) XII hypoglassal (tongues muscles)
structure filled with aqueous humor
anterior cavity
structure continuous with the optic nerve
retina
houses the photoreceptors
inner neural layer
attachement site for extrinsic eye muscles
sclera and cornea
outer fibrous layer
iris, ciliary body, choroid
middle vascular layer
structure filled with virtreous humor
posterior cavity
eye structure from outward to middle
CIPCS cornea iris pupil ciliary body suspensory ligaments
RCSOO retina choroid sclera optic disk optic nerve
List in order the eye structures (internal structures, fluids, and retinal layers) through which light travels from the point at which it enters the eye until it reaches the photoreceptors in the retina.
cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor, ganglion cells, bipolar cells, photoreceptor cells
