Histology Flashcards
The four basic types of animal tissues include
Epithelial Tissues
cover, line, and/or secrete
The four basic types of animal tissues include
Connective Tissues
bind, support, protect, store, transport, etc
The four basic types of animal tissues include
Muscular Tissues
function for contraction
The four basic types of animal tissues include
Nervous Tissues
– internal communication via conduction & transmission of nerve impulses
All epithelial tissues have what kind of surfaces?
They are classified by what two things
basal surface (with basement membrane) and a free surface (apical surface). (1) number of cell layers and (2) shape of cell (at least, the shape of outermost layer of cells).
Simple squamous epithelium
components
function
location
Components: Single layer of flat cells, flattened, central nuclei
Function: provides a barrier through which gases and fluids can be exchanged, produces serous fluid
Location: Air sac of lungs inner lining of ventral body cavities and blood vessels, certain parts of the kidney
simple cuboidal epithelium
components
function
location
components: single layer of cube-shaped cells, round central nuclei
function: absorption, secretion of mucus and other substances
Location: kidney tubules, lower resp passages, thyroid salivary and mammary glands
Simple columnar
components
function
location
components: singl layer of rectangular cells, ovoid, basal nuclei,
Function: absorption, secretion of mucous and other substances, propulsion of egg through uterine tube, Location: Digestive tract from stomach to anus, uterine tube, gallbladder, certain kidney tubules
pseudostratified columnar epithelium
components
function
location
components: single layer of columnar cells of different heights giving stratified appearance
Function: secreted mucous and propels it with ciliary motion
Location:nasal cavity, parts of male utethra, upper resp assages
Stratified squamous epithelium consists of
ketatinized epitheium, nonkeratinized epithelium
ketatinized epitheium
components
function
location
components: multiple layers of squamous cells, apical cells dead, flaky and filled with keratin, cuboidal to squamous shaped basal cells,
Function: protection from mechanical stresses and microorganisms, prevents most water loss through skin,
Location: epidermis
nonkeratinized epithelium
components
function
location
Componets: apical cells living and very flat, cells more cuboidal toward basal layers
Function: Protection from mechanical stresses and microorganisms
Location: mouth, pharynx, superior larynx, esophagus, vagina, anal canal
Stratified cuboidal Epithelium
components
function
location
components :two or more layers of cuboidal cells
Function: some absorption and secretion
Location, ducts of sweat glands
stratified columnar epithelium
components
function
location
components: two or more layers of columnar cells
Function: protection,some absorption and secretion
Location: ducts of certain glands, cornea, parts of male urethra
transitional epithelium
components
function
location
Components: multiple layers of cells, apical cells dome-shaped when relaxed and flattened when stretche
function: protection, gives tissues added distensibility
Location: urinary bladder urter urethra
Connective tissues
components
function
location
generally have an abundant amount of matrix called the extra-cellular matrix (ECM)
ECM is a non-cellular material that occupies the space between the cells
The nature and consistency of the matrix varies among connective tissues and is used to classify each connective tissue.
Loose CT
components
function
location
components: fibroblast, ground substance, protein fibers
Function: Support, protection, houses blood vessels supplying epithelium
Location: Deep to epidermis, walls of hollow organs, membranes lining body cavities
Dense CT consists of
Irregular, regular collagenous, regular elastic
Irregular, regular ct
components
function
location
components: fibroblast, collagen fibers, ground substance
Function strength, resistance to stress in all three planes
Location: Deepest layer of skin, around joins, organs