Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Bacteriology > Introduction to Microbiology > Flashcards

Introduction to Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

A branch of biology which deals with the study of living organisms that are too small to be seen by the naked eye.

A

MICROBIOLOGY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A branch of medical science which deals with the study of medically important microorganisms specifically their role in human diseases which includes diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of infectious diseases.

A

MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A branch of medical microbiology that focuses on laboratory identification of medically important bacteria by phenotypical and genotypical characterization including antibiotic susceptibility testing.

A

DIAGNOSTIC BACTERIOLOGY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Very simple microbes consisting of nucleic acid, a few proteins, and (in some) a lipid envelope.

A

VIRUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

With both RNA and DNA, metabolic machinery for self-replication, and a complex cell wall structure.

A

BACTERIA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Simple unicellular organisms.

A

PROKARYOTIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Subdivided into single-celled organisms (yeasts) or multi-celled organisms (molds), with a few medically important members existing in both forms (dimorphic fungi).

A

FUNGI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Exist as either yeast or as a mold.

A

MONOMORPHIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Can be both yeast and mold.

A

DIMORPHIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Subdivided into single-celled organisms (protozoa) or multi-celled organisms (worms and bugs).

A

PARASITE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Disease causing microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, protozoans, and viruses. Capable of causing diseases.

A

PATHOGENS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Refers to an organism that will cause disease in a healthy host.

A

TRUE PATHOGENS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Refers to organisms that will cause disease in an immunocompromised host. Immune system was compromised. Immunity is low. Opportunity to cause infection.

A

OPPORTUNISTIC PATHOGENS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Refers to the ability of an organisms to cause disease in a host organism.

A

PATHOGENICITY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Refers to the degree of pathogenicity, the power by which a pathogen can cause severe disease.

A

VIRULENCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Refers to any feature of bacteria (genetic, biochemical, or structural features) that enable a pathogen to cause disease in a host organism.

A

PATHOGENIC DETERMINANTS/VIRULENCE FACTORS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

True or False

Not all Streptococcus strain have a capsule structure.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

True or False

Not all Staphylococcus have protein a.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Refers to the entry , invasion and multiplication of pathogens in or on to the host body system which results to subsequent tissue injury and progress to overt disease.

A

INFECTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Infection arising from colonizing flora (also known as indigenous flora, resident flora, microbiota, normal flora)

A

ENDOGENOUS INFECTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Infection arising from invading pathogen from the external environment.

A

EXOGENOUS INFECTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Rapid/sudden onset of signs and symptoms which are usually severe to fatal that may lead to death.

A

ACUTE INFECTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Gradual onset of signs and symptoms that are usually mild to moderate that may progress to long standing infection.

A

CHRONIC INFECTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Infection acquired during hospitalization, acquire it from the hospital, from the patient, equipment.

A

NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Is an animal diseases which can spread to humans, animal acquired infection.
ZOONOTIC INFECTION
26
No obvious appearance of signs and symptoms and the person is unaware of the infection.
SUBCLINICAL/ASYMPTOMATIC/NONAPPARRENT
27
Associated with presence of overt signs and symptoms of the disease.
CLINICAL/SYMPTOMATIC/APPARENT
28
An altered health state in an infected host.
DISEASE
29
Is an illness caused by pathogen which invades body tissues and causes damage.
INFECTIOUS DISEASE
30
Is an infectious disease that is capable of spreading from person to person.
COMMUNICABLE DISEASE
31
Refers to any subjective evidence of disease. These are usually perception of the patient having the disease, such as headache, dizziness, etc.
SYMPTOM
32
Refers to readily observable evidence of disease. These are usually physical manifestation of the disease such as rashes, bleeding, etc.
SIGNS
33
Bacteria that are in or on different sites of the body that usually do not harm the host unless the host defense is compromised.
NORMAL FLORA
34
Refers to the establishment of substantial number of microorganisms usually in the skin or mucosa but there's no penetration of the tissues.
COLONIZATION
35
What causes Bubonic Plague
Yersinia spp.
36
Represent the first recorded epidemic
PESTILENCE AND PLAGUE
37
The swollen lymph glands are termed _________ form the Greek word for groin, swollen gland
BUBOES
38
First appearance in Europe in 1493. AKA Syphilis: Sexually transmitted infection
Treponema Pallidum
39
-First person to see live bacteria and protozoa. -Father of Microbiology -Father of Bacteriology -Father of Protozoology -He ground tiny glass lenses, which he mounted in a small metal frames, thus creating what today are known as single-lens microscope or single microscopes. -Using rain water, well water, sea water -He observed various tiny living creatures, which he called "animalcules" -First one to draw a bacteria, to document, he draw it -First drawing of bacteria: 1684
ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK
40
First one to make microscope
DESCARTES
41
-Demonstrated that different types of microbes produce different fermentation products. -Used carbohydrate- product either acid or alcohol -Disapproved Theory of Spontaneous Generation-based on Aristotle's theory -He introduced the terms "aerobes" and "anaerobes" -Germ theory of disease -Developed vaccines to prevent chicken cholera, anthrax, and swine erysipelas.
LOUIS PASTEUR
42
Anti-microbial technique where you heat the liquid at a certain temp, so that the pathogen could be killed.
PASTEURIZATION
43
-17th century Flemish -Believed that mice could arise from rags and wheat kernels left in an open container for 3 weeks.
JAN BAPTIST VAN HELMONT
44
-Made many significant contributions to the germ theory disease. Together with Louis Pasteur. -Discovered that Bacillus anthracis produces spores, capable of resisting adverse conditions. -Developed methods of fixing, staining, and photographing bacteria methods of cultivating bacteria on solid media. -Discovered the bacterium M. tuberculosis that causes tuberculosis and the bacterium Vibrio cholerae that causes cholera.
ROBERT KOCH
45
2 spore forming bacteria
Bacillus spp. & Clostridium spp.
46
Used to propagate bacteria in vitro or outside
CULTURE MEDIA
47
Provided the initial evidence that some of the microbes in dust and air have very high heat resistance and that particularly vigorous treatment is required to destroy them.
JOHN TYNDALL
48
Use repeated heating and resting method
TYNDALLIZATION
49
-Clarified the reason that heat would sometimes fail to completely eliminate all microorganisms. -STERILE was established
FERDINAND COHN
50
Completely free from all life forms and virus particles.
STERILE
51
Observed that mothers who gave birth at home experienced fewer infections than did mothers who gave birth in the hospital.
DR. OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES
52
-Showed quite clearly that women became infected in the maternity ward after examinations by physicians coming directly from autopsy room. -Father of handwashing
DR. IGNAZ SEMMELWEIS
53
Infection of mothers after giving birth
CHILDBED FEVER
54
First to introduce aseptic techniques aimed at reducing microbes in a medical setting and preventing wound infections.
JOSEPH LISTER
55
Demonstrated the presence of bacterial flagella
FRIEDRICH LOEFFLER
56
Discovered the enrichment medium
MARTINUS BEIJERINCK
57
Discovered autoclave
CHAMBERLAND
58
Anaerobic jar
MCINTOSH & FILDES
59
Publication of the first description of microbes
ROBERT HOOKE
60
The science of classifying living things
TAXONOMY
61
The assignment of scientific names to the various taxonomic categories and individual organisms. It is based on International rulings
NOMENCLATURE
62
Attempts the orderly arrangement of organisms into a hierarchy of taxa. Based on their similarities or relationships
CLASSIFICATION
63
Is the process of discovering and recording the traits of organisms so that they may be recognized or named and placed in an overall taxonomic scheme.
IDENTIFICATION
64
Laid down the basic rules for classification and established taxonomic categories, or taxa
CARL VON LINNE
65
-Whittaker's tree -Based on structural similarities and differences, such as prokaryotic and eukaryotic cellular organization, and the way these organisms obtained their nutrition
ROBERT WHITTAKER
66
Devised a Three-Domain System of Classification
CARL R. WOESE
67
ICNB
International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria
68
Relate to an organism's genetic makeup, including the nature of the organism's genes and constituent nucleic acids
GENOTYPIC CHARACTERISTICS
69
Are based on features beyond the genetic level and include both readily observable characteristics and characteristics that may require extensive analytic procedures to be detected.
PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERISTICS

Bacteriology (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions