Introduction to Microbiology Flashcards
A branch of biology which deals with the study of living organisms that are too small to be seen by the naked eye.
MICROBIOLOGY
A branch of medical science which deals with the study of medically important microorganisms specifically their role in human diseases which includes diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of infectious diseases.
MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
A branch of medical microbiology that focuses on laboratory identification of medically important bacteria by phenotypical and genotypical characterization including antibiotic susceptibility testing.
DIAGNOSTIC BACTERIOLOGY
Very simple microbes consisting of nucleic acid, a few proteins, and (in some) a lipid envelope.
VIRUS
With both RNA and DNA, metabolic machinery for self-replication, and a complex cell wall structure.
BACTERIA
Simple unicellular organisms.
PROKARYOTIC
Subdivided into single-celled organisms (yeasts) or multi-celled organisms (molds), with a few medically important members existing in both forms (dimorphic fungi).
FUNGI
Exist as either yeast or as a mold.
MONOMORPHIC
Can be both yeast and mold.
DIMORPHIC
Subdivided into single-celled organisms (protozoa) or multi-celled organisms (worms and bugs).
PARASITE
Disease causing microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, protozoans, and viruses. Capable of causing diseases.
PATHOGENS
Refers to an organism that will cause disease in a healthy host.
TRUE PATHOGENS
Refers to organisms that will cause disease in an immunocompromised host. Immune system was compromised. Immunity is low. Opportunity to cause infection.
OPPORTUNISTIC PATHOGENS
Refers to the ability of an organisms to cause disease in a host organism.
PATHOGENICITY
Refers to the degree of pathogenicity, the power by which a pathogen can cause severe disease.
VIRULENCE
Refers to any feature of bacteria (genetic, biochemical, or structural features) that enable a pathogen to cause disease in a host organism.
PATHOGENIC DETERMINANTS/VIRULENCE FACTORS
True or False
Not all Streptococcus strain have a capsule structure.
TRUE
True or False
Not all Staphylococcus have protein a.
TRUE
Refers to the entry , invasion and multiplication of pathogens in or on to the host body system which results to subsequent tissue injury and progress to overt disease.
INFECTION
Infection arising from colonizing flora (also known as indigenous flora, resident flora, microbiota, normal flora)
ENDOGENOUS INFECTION
Infection arising from invading pathogen from the external environment.
EXOGENOUS INFECTION
Rapid/sudden onset of signs and symptoms which are usually severe to fatal that may lead to death.
ACUTE INFECTION
Gradual onset of signs and symptoms that are usually mild to moderate that may progress to long standing infection.
CHRONIC INFECTION
Infection acquired during hospitalization, acquire it from the hospital, from the patient, equipment.
NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION
Is an animal diseases which can spread to humans, animal acquired infection.
ZOONOTIC INFECTION
No obvious appearance of signs and symptoms and the person is unaware of the infection.
SUBCLINICAL/ASYMPTOMATIC/NONAPPARRENT
Associated with presence of overt signs and symptoms of the disease.
CLINICAL/SYMPTOMATIC/APPARENT