Introduction to MedRehab Flashcards
A specialty that focuses on maximizing a person’s independence and reduce disability through medical,
psychological or physical treatments or through modifications to the environment
Rehabilitation Medicine
Aims to enhance and restore functional ability and improve quality of life of those with physical impairments
or disabilities affecting the human body
Rehabilitation Medicine
It is important in all levels of health system (tertiary, secondary, primary and community) and may be
delivered in education, employment and social sectors
Rehabilitation Medicine
Came from the Latin root habil which means to enable
Habilitation
means to ‘re-enable’ or to ‘restore’
Rehabilitation
Its activities that aim at maximizing the functioning of children who acquire impairment congenitally or early in life
Habilitation
its activities aimed at restoring a skill or function that have been lost or impaired because a person was
sick, injured or disabled
Rehabilitation
Acquisition, Maintenance
and Improvement
HABILITATION
New Skill
HABILITATION
Cause: UNATTAINED skills and
functioning for daily living
HABILITATION
Restoration, Maintenance and
Improvement
REHABILITATION
Old Skill
REHABILITATION
CAUSE: LOST or IMPAIRED skills and functioning for daily living
REHABILITATION
It provides a standard language and a conceptual basis for the definition and measurement of health and
disability
International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)
It is a framework for describing and organizing information on functioning and disability created by the
World Health Organization (WHO) in 2001
International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)
It integrates the major models of disability and recognizes the role of environmental factors, as well as the
relevance of associated health conditions and their effects to disability
International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)
refers to disease (acute or chronic), disorder, injury or trauma. May also include other
circumstances such as pregnancy, ageing, stress, congenital anomaly or genetic predisposition
Health Condition
the physiological functions of body systems (including psychological functions
Body functions
anatomical parts of the body such as organs, limbs, and their components
Body structures
problems in the body function and structure such as significant deviation or loss
Impairments
the execution of a task or action by an individual
Activity
difficulties an individual may have in executing activities
Activity limitation
problems an individual may experience in involvement in life situations
Participation restriction
the physical, social, and attitudinal environment which people live and conduct their lives.
These are either barriers to or facilitators of person’s functioning
E.F.
is an umbrella term for body function, body structures, activities and participation. It denotes positive
or neutral aspects of interaction between a person’s health condition(s) and that individual’s contextual factors
(environmental and personal factors)
Functioning
is an umbrella term for impairments, activity limitations and participation restriction. It denotes the
negative aspects of the interaction between a person’s health condition(s) and that individual’s contextual factors
(environmental and personal factors).
Disability
“Disability as a disease”
Medical Model
It is concerned with addressing the barriers to participation experienced by PWDs as a result of
various social and environmental factors in the society
Social Model
Disability is seen as a medical problem of an individual caused by a defect or failure of a body
system
Medical Model
Medical professionals who believe in ________ tend to treat people as problems to be solved.
They regard the person with disability as the one who needs to change or be fixed, rather than the
contributing factors that affects the person’s life as a whole
Medical Model
It states that ‘it is the society which disables people with impairments, and therefore any
meaningful solution must be directed at societal change rather than individual adjustment and
rehabilitation’
Social Model
“Disability as a socially constructed phenomenon”
Social Model
Offers a theoretical framework for disability policy which emphasizes the human dignity of PWDs.
Stating that PWDs have a challenging life situation, and sometimes considered as part of minority,
but they have equal sets of human rights including civil, political, economic, social and cultural
rights.
Human Rights Model
“Disability as a human rights issue”
Human Rights Model
“Disability as victimhood”
Charity Model
This model ‘sees PWDs as victims of their impairment, their situation is tragic, and they are
suffering. Able-bodied people should therefore assist PWDs in whatever was possible, as they
need special services, special institutions
Charity Model
It is also known as Physiatry or Medical Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation Medicine
These may include doctors with expertise in medical rehabilitation such as physiatrist or rehab
doctor, other medical specialists such as pediatrician, geriatrician, neurologist, orthopedic surgeons
etc.
Rehabilitation Medicine
These include occupational therapist, orthotist, physiotherapist, prosthetist, psychologist, speech
and language pathologist
Therapy
They are concerned in improving function through diagnosis, treatment of conditions and
complications
Rehabilitation Medicine
They are concerned in restoring and compensating for loss of functioning and preventing or
slowing down of deterioration in functioning of an individual.
Therapy
may include training, exercises, compensatory strategies, education, support
and counseling, modifications to the environment and provision of assistive technology
Therapy
Defined as ‘any item, piece of equipment or product, whether acquired, modified or customized,
that is used to increase, maintain, or improve the functional capabilities of individuals with
disabilities’
Assistive Technology
May include crutches, prostheses, orthoses, wheelchairs, hearing aids, ocular devices,
communication boards etc.
Assistive Technology
Individual who has a disorder that requires interventions to improve his/her function (patient)
Patient/ Client and Family
The patient and family are the most important members of the rehabilitation team
Patient/ Client and Family
Individual who seeks the services of a Therapist to maintain health, or a business that hires a
therapist for consultation (client)
Patient/ Client and Family
A therapist who helps restore function for patients with problems related to activities of daily living
(ADLs) including work, school, family, and community and leisure activities
Occupational Therapist
Healthcare provider who evaluates and treats rehabilitation patients. They usually act as the team
leader. He or she is responsible for coordinating patient care services with other team members
Physiatrist
A therapist who helps restore function for patients with problems related to movement, muscle
strength, exercise, and joint function
Physiotherapist
A therapist who helps restore function for patients with problems related to cognitive,
communication, or swallowing issues
Speech and Language Pathologist
A healthcare professional who makes braces and splints used to strengthen or stabilize a part of
the body
Orthotist
A therapist who helps treat and restore function for patients with airway and breathing problems
Respiratory therapist
Coordinates and provides day-to-day patient care, and educates patient/family regarding medical
and health issues as well as skills needed to provide safe health care
Rehabilitation Nurse
A professional who evaluates and provides for the dietary needs of each patient. This is based on
the patient’s medical needs, eating abilities, and food preferences
Dietician/ Nutritionist
A healthcare professional who makes and fits artificial body parts, such as an artificial leg or arm
Prosthetist
A healthcare provider or counselor who conducts cognitive (thinking and learning) assessments of
the patient. He or she also helps the patient and family adjust to the disability
Psychologist/ Neuropsychologist
A counselor who assists people with disabilities to plan careers and find and keep satisfying jobs
Vocational Counselors
A spiritual counselor who helps patients and families during crisis periods. He or she helps serve
as a liaison between the hospital and the home church or place of worship
Chaplain
A professional counselor who acts as a liaison for the patient, family, and rehab treatment team.
The social worker helps provide support and coordinate discharge planning and referrals. He or
she may also help coordinate care with insurance companies.
Social Worker
describes what an individual does in his or her
current environmen
Performance qualifier
describes an individual’s ability to execute a task or an
action
Capacity qualifier
A classification of functioning and disability should be applicable to all people
irrespective of health condition. Therefore, ICF is about all people. It concerns
everyone’s functioning. Thus, it should not become a tool for labeling persons
with disabilities as a separate group
UNIVERSALITY
There should not be, explicitly or implicitly, a distinction between different
health conditions as ‘mental’ and ‘physical’ that affect the structure of content of a
classification of functioning and disability. In other words, disability must not
differentiated by etiology
PARITY
Wherever possible, domain names should be worded in neutral language so that
the classification can express both positive and negative aspects of each aspect of
functioning and disability
NEUTRALITY
These factors range from
physical factors such as climate and terrain, to social attitudes, institutions, and
laws
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
