Introduction to Logic Flashcards
Where does the word Logic came from?
Logos
Who introduced the Logic?
Zeno
When did Zeno introduced Logic?
300 BC
How did Zeno introduced Logic?
Logike
What is the “Science of Correct Reasoning”?
Logic
consists of a system of principles that govern correct thinking
Science
power to perform certain actions guided by special knowledge and executed with skill
Art
This type of logic applies logical concepts to the analysis of everyday reasoning and problem-solving
Informal Logic
This type of logic is precise, symbolic representation of logical concepts; Study of abstract relationships between concepts
Formal Logic
What are the Four Means of Obtaining Knowledge?
Perception, Inference, Analogy, Verbal Testimony
what is the contact from senses and object?
Perception
what is the use of ‘implication’?
Inference
what is the use of ‘comparison’?
Analogy
what is the use of ‘authority’?
Verbal Testimony
“need for human person to obtain knowledge
Nyaya Philosophy
Nyaya Philosophy is authored by who?
Siddhartha Gautama
what is the meaning of Nyaya
Logical Argument/Syllogism
“what is the origin of the Universe”?
Pre-Aristotelian Philosophy
when and where did Nyaya Philosophy happened?
5th Century BC in India
when and where did Pre-Aristotelian Philosophy happened?
5th Century BC in Greece
who are the 3 groups during Pre-Aristotelian Philosophy?
Eleatics, Sophists, and Megarics
who is the founder of logic?
Aristotle
it is a “tool” or “instrument”
Organon
what came up in Post-Aristotelian Philosophy?
Epistemology
Devised mnemonic names for valid moods canvassed in the Prior Analytics
Scholastics and Crusaders
in this period, algebraic schools, logicist school, and mathematical school was established
Modern Logic
The act by which the intellect grasps the essence of something
Simple Apprehension
the intellect merely takes the thing in without any affirmation or denial
Simple
lays hold of a thing mentally
Apprehension
“a mental operation that pronounces the identity or non-identity between two ideas”
Judgement
“a mental act that proceeds from the previously known truth to a new truth”
Reasoning
