Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

INWAMAN > INTRODUCTION TO IWMC > Flashcards

INTRODUCTION TO IWMC Flashcards

1
Q

is an unwanted or unusable materials.

A

Waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

any substance discarded after primary use, or is
worthless, defective and of no use

A

waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

means any liquid, gaseous or solid matter, or
other waste substance or a combination thereof resulting from
any process of industry, manufacturing trade or business or
from the development, processing or recovery of any natural
resources

A

Industrial waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Industrial waste is defined by what law?

A

RA 3931

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

too much waste discarded to the environment is known as

A

pollution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Industrial plant provides ___________ to environment and people, while environment and people gives ___________ to industrial plants.

A

products, services, wastes; resources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

means any alteration of the physical, chemical and
biological properties of any water, air and/or land resources of
the Philippines, or any discharge thereto of any liquid, gaseous
or solid wastes as will or is likely to create or to render such
water, air and land resources harmful, detrimental or injurious
utilization
to public health, safety or welfare or which will adversely affect
their
for
domestic, commercial, industrial,
agricultural, recreational or other legitimate purposes.

A

Pollution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Environmental pollutants affect:

A

air, water, land

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

There is an imperative need to protect the people from the
growing menace of environmental pollution

A

RA 3931

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

There is a need to strengthen the ______s set by the
government in response to the accelerative phase of the
country’s industrialization

A

regulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Chemical engineers scope of practice for industrial waste management

A

Consultation
Design and estimation
Planning
Preparation of feasibility studies
Operations
Research and development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Chemical engineers has the ability develop technologies,
techniques and strategies that will significantly reduce the
pollutants emitted by the industries leading to a _____________

A

low negative
environmental impacts and maximization of resource recovery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

________ has the ability to develop complex
solutions over environmental challenges

A

Chemical engineers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Chemical engineers also focus on developing sustainable
waste management strategies to ensure long-term
environmental protection by implementing the principles of the
____________, they aim to reduce waste generation and
promote recycling and reusing of materials

A

circular economy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Types of industrial wastes according to characteristics

A

Liquid waste
Solid waste
Chemical waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Types of industrial wastes according to safety

A

hazardous
nonhazardous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

generic term to classify air pollutants comprising
of suspended particles in air, varying in composition and size, resulting
from various anthropogenic activities

A

Particulate matter (PM)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

also known as particle pollution, is a complex
mixture of extremely small particles and liquid droplets that get into
the air. Once inhaled, these particles can affect the heart and lungs and
cause serious health effects

A

Particulate matter, US EPA 2017

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The toxicity behind the
particulate
matter is the
absorption of diverse _________________ like aromatics, dioxins,
furans which exists in the form
of dust, soot, smoke, and dirt.

A

Polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs),
and volatile organic compounds
(VOCs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Two ways of measurement of particulate matter (PM)

A

Stationary Source Emission Testing (DAO 2013-26)
Ambient Air Testing (IRR of RA 8749)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Particulate matter is withdrawn
isokinetically from the source and
collected on a glass fiber filter
maintained at a temperature of

A

120 ±14 °C (248 ±25 °F).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Method for stationary source emission testing

A

US EPA Methods 1 through 5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Method for ambient air testing

A

High volume sampling - gravimetric analysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The PM mass, which includes any
material that condenses at or
above the filtration temperature, is
determined ____________ after
the removal of _______________.

A

gravimetrically; uncombined water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

particles with 50 microns
or less in diameter do not enter the lungs but may enter the digestive
tract via the nasal passages.

A

total suspended particulates (TSP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

generally deposited in the upper respiratory tract and found
to be linked with many diseases other than respiratory damage like
cardiovascular diseases

A

PM10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

can penetrate
deeply into the lung, irritate and corrode the alveolar wall, and
consequently impair lung function.

A

PM2.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

The Method in Measuring Total Suspended Particulate
Matter (TSP) in Ambient Air involves a __________ to collect particles with aerodynamic
diameters of approximately ________

A

high volume sampler; 100 micrometers or less

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

The high-volume samples___________
of air with the sampling rate held
constant over the sampling period

A

40-60 ft3/min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

can be used to
determine the average ambient TSP
concentration over the sampling period,
and the collected material subsequently
can be analyzed to determine the identity
and quantity of inorganic metals present
in the TSP.

A

TSP High volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

an atmospheric
pollutant
naturally
generated
by
geothermal activities, usually derived
from volcanoes, or produced by industrial
activities from the combustion of coal and
petroleum

A

SO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

major contributor to atmospheric
corrosion in urban and industrial areas

A

SO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

SO2 is slightly water soluble which
forms

A

sulfurous acid in water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

an intermediate strong acid
which tends to react with air or ozone to
form sulfuric acid

A

sulfurous acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

methods for measurements of sulfur oxides

A

Stationary Source Emission Testing- US EPA 1-5, Modified 6
Ambient air testing - Low Volume Sampling - Pararosalinine Method

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

formed
whenever fuel is combusted at high
temperatures by a ‘fixing’ of the nitrogen
in the combustion chamber’s dilution air
into NOx

A

NOx pollution

37
Q

Many of the nitrogen oxides are ____________

A

colorless
and odorless

38
Q

can often be seen as a
reddish-brown layer in the air over urban
areas.

A

Nitrogen dioxide

39
Q

one of the precursors in the
formation of ground-level ozone, which
can trigger serious respiratory problem

A

NOx

40
Q

NOx also reacts to form ____________, forminng acid rain

A

nitrate particles and acidic aerosols

41
Q

ways to measure nitrogen oxides

A

Stationary Source Emission Testing - USA EPA 7
Ambient air testing - Low Volume Sampling – Griess-Saltzmann Method

42
Q

Wastewater pollutants

A
  • Biochemical Oxygen
    Demand (BOD)
  • Chemical Oxygen Demand
    (COD)
  • Total Suspended Solids
    (TSS)
  • Oil and Grease
  • Fecal Coliform
  • Phosphates
  • Nitrates
  • Sulfates
  • Ammonia
  • Chloride
43
Q

is the
primary concentration measurement for
measuring the organic pollution of
wastewater by determining the amount of
oxygen required by the aerobic
microorganisms to convert into carbon
dioxide and water, the organic matter in
wastewater

A

BOD

44
Q

In the water body, excessive BOD can
cause a deficit in ______________
concentration on the water body that will
affect the ecosystem

A

dissolved oxygen

45
Q

is the
total amount of oxygen consumed by
strong oxidants present in the wastewater
during the decomposition and chemical
oxidation of organic/inorganic matter

A

COD

46
Q

can be used to identify the sensitivity
of particulate matter toward the oxidation
process as well as to determine the
amount of inorganic chemical material
present in the wastewater sample.

A

COD

47
Q

amount of oxygen the
microbes require to decompose
the organic matter under aerobic
conditions

A

BODs

48
Q

Used To quantify the amount of
oxidisable pollutants found in
water bodies.

A

COD

49
Q

COD is the total amount of oxygen
required to break down the
organic matter by ___________

A

chemical oxidation

50
Q

defined as
solids in water that can be trapped by a
filter.

A

TSS

51
Q

fats, oils, waxes, and other related constituents found in water, generally wastewater

A

Oil and grease

52
Q

If FOGs are not removed
before discharge of treated
wastewater, oil and grease can
interfere with biological life in
surface
waters and create
_______________

A

unsightly films

53
Q

indicates microbial or bacterial contamination of
wastewater. one of the subset of the total coliform, that
is usually generated from human and animal waste

A

Fecal coliform

54
Q

Unit for fecal coliform

A

MPN/100ml (most probable number)

55
Q

associate with the high presence of disease-causing
organisms which can to gastrointestinal problems such
as diarrhea, typhoid, and cholera.

A

Fecal coliform

56
Q

associated in high concentrations of organic matters,
sulfates, phosphates, which are precursors of a
eutrophication process in a water body which also emits
harmful gases above the surface of the water

A

High fecal coliform concentration

57
Q

Phosphorus in wastewater exists as

A

phosphates

58
Q

By chemical properties, phosphorus can
be classified as

A

organophosphorus and
inorganophosphorus

59
Q

High phosphate concentration is also
linked to ________________ since
phosphorus is a limiting nutrient

A

eutrophication process

60
Q

form of dissolved
nitrogen that occurs naturally in soil and
water.

A

nitrate

61
Q

primary source of nitrogen
for plants

A

nitrate

62
Q

oxidized product of sulfur
compound which a major precursor for
biogeochemical cycles

A

sulfates

63
Q

under anaerobic condition, sulfate can be
converted into __________ which more
hazardous to human health and marine
ecosystem.

A

sulfide ions

64
Q

precursor on producing
harmful compounds in water bodies when
there is a deficit of oxygen molecules

A

sulfate

65
Q

inorganic chemical which
are commonly generated from agricultural
and human activities.

A

ammonia

66
Q

Unionized ammonia is favorably formed
when the pH of the wastewater tends to
be more

A

basic

67
Q

Ammonia includes

A

ionized and unionized

68
Q

Whereas, if the pH of the wastewater
tends to be acidic, the formation of ________ is
more favored.

A

NH3

69
Q

associated with increase
in temperature, ionic strength, sediment
concentration

A

ammonia

70
Q

Excessive ammonia in the wastewater
impede the natural ___________ in
the water body resulting to low or
depleting dissolved oxygen concentration
detrimental to marine life and it is also
associated with the excessive_________
over bodies of water

A

nitrification process; algal bloom

71
Q

Visual indications of high ammonia
concentration include the

A

slow-moving or
stagnant water body, presence of organic
waste, foul odor, alkaline, anoxic or warm
water and excessive algal bloom

72
Q

one
of the major inorganic anions, or negative
ions, in saltwater and freshwater.

A

chlorides (Cl-ion)

73
Q

Chloride originates from

A

dissociation of salts

74
Q

Pollutants in soil/sludge

A
  • Arsenic
  • Barium
  • Cadmium
  • Chromium
  • Lead
  • Mercury
  • Selenium
  • Silver
75
Q

chemical
analysis process used to determine
whether there are hazardous
elements present in a waste.

A

TCLP or Toxicity Characteristic
Leaching Procedure

76
Q

The test involves a simulation of
leaching through a landfill and can
provide a rating that can prove if the
waste
is
dangerous
environment or not.

A

TCLP or Toxicity Characteristic
Leaching Procedure

77
Q

primary agency responsible for the conservation, management, development, and proper use of the country’s environment and natural resources,

A

Department of Environment and Natural Resources

78
Q

5 roles of DENR

A

Environmental management
Mines and geosciences
Forest management
Biodiversity management
Land management

79
Q

__________ was formally
established in 1978 with the enactment of ______________to facilitate the attainment and maintenance of rational and
orderly balance between socio-economic development and
environmental protection

A

Environment Impact Assessment System; PRESIDENTIAL DECREE 1586

80
Q

planning and management tool
that will help government, decision makers, the proponents and
the affected community address the negative consequences or
risks on the environment. The process assures implementation of
environment-friendly projects

A

Environment Impact Assessment

81
Q

The law aims to regulate restrict or prohibit the importation,
manufacture, processing, sale, distribution, use and disposal of
chemical substances and mixtures the present unreasonable risk
to human health.

A

REPUBLIC ACT 6969 TOXIC SUBSTANCES,
HAZARDOUS AND NUCLEAR WASTE
CONTROL ACT OF 1990

82
Q

The law aims to achieve and maintain clean air that meets
the National Air Quality guideline values for criteria
pollutants, throughout the Philippines, while minimizing the
possible associated impacts to the economy

A

REPUBLIC ACT 8749 PHILIPPINE
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1999

83
Q

the law aims to adopt a
systematic, comprehensive and ecological solid waste
management program that shall ensure the protection of
public health and environment

A

REPUBLIC ACT 9003 ECOLOGICAL SOLID
WASTE MANAGEMENT ACT OF 2000

84
Q

The law aims to protect the country’s water bodies from
pollution
from land-based sources

A

REPUBLIC ACT 9275 PHILIPPINE CLEAN
WATER ACT OF 2004

85
Q

Land based sources of water pollution, as per RA 9275

A

industries and commercial establishments,
community/household activities
agriculture

86
Q

Industrial waste management approaches

A

Circular economy
Waste-to-energy conversion
Green chemistry
Composting

87
Q

design of
chemical products and processes
that reduce or eliminate the use
or generation of hazardous
substances.

A

Green chemistry

88
Q

Green
chemistry
applies across the life cycle of a
chemical product, including its

A

design, manufacture, use, and
ultimate disposal

INWAMAN (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions