Introduction to immunology Flashcards
In what two can the immune system cause disease?
Autoimmune and allergy
All cells of the immune response are ____ and are derived from _____ stem cells.
Haemopoietic and pluripotent.
What cell linages give rise to the immune cells?
Myloid and lymphoid.
What specificity does the innate immune system have?
Limited with broad categories.
What specificity does the adaptive immune system have?
Highly specific at the species and strain level.
How long does it take to activate the innate immune response?
Hours.
How long does it take to activate the innate immune response?
Days and in rare cases weeks.
The adaptive immune system is always active. T or F?
False, sometimes it will not be needed.
What organisms have an adaptive immune response?
Sharks and up.
Name five key components of the innate immune system?
- Phagocytes
- NK Cells
- Lysosomes
- Complement
- Interferons
What could the innate immune system possibly have?
A memory function
What barriers make up the innate immune system?
Chemical and physical
What type of features does the innate immune system recognise?
Invariable
What timescale do changes to the innate immune system happen on?
An evolutionary timescale.
How do changes happen to the innate immune system?
When remaining population members have developed some sort of resistance eg to HIV1 and Malaria (RBC gene functions)
When is the innate immune system crucial?
Between the period in which a child has lost the mothers AB in their serum but have not had the chance to develop their own.
Name the two crucial components of the adaptive immune system.
B and T lymphocyes
Antibodies
What can the memory function sometimes be?
Lifelong.
What is the normal delay of the adaptive immune response?
4-6 days
What sort of features does the adaptive immune system recognise?
Variable features.
What sort of pathogens does B cell immunity recognise?
Extracelluar pathogens
What sort of pathogens does T cell immunity recognise?
- Intracelluar pathogens
- Cell associated pathogens
- Small parasites
What are 3 key roles of B cell immunity?
- Activate complement
- Opsonise bacteria
- Coat to prevent binding
What sort of antigens does B cell immunity recognise?
Soluble free native antigens