Introduction to Human Genome

Question 1

In what direction is DNA always replicated?

Answer 1

5’ to 3’ direction

Question 2

Do strands of DNA pair up in a parallel or antiparallel fashion?

Answer 2

antiparallel

Question 3

What in the DNA contains the information?

Answer 3

sequence of bases

Question 4

What can fluorescent staining help to see?

Answer 4

chromosomes

Question 5

In meiosis, at what stage is DNA synthesised?

Answer 5

S phase

Question 6

What is the resting phase in meiosis?

Answer 6

G0

Question 7

What does the G1 checkpoint check for?

Answer 7

size

Question 8

What does the G2 checkpoint check for?

Answer 8

replication

Question 9

What does the the M checkpoint check for?

Answer 9

chromosome alignment

Question 10

In meiosis, what type and how many daughter cells are formed?

Answer 10

4 haploid daughter cells

Question 11

In mitosis, what type and how many daughter cells are formed?

Answer 11

2 diploid

Question 12

Does crossing over occur in meiosis?

Answer 12

Yes

Question 13

Which cell cycle occurs in gamete formation?

Answer 13

meiosis

Question 14

What are the differences between DNA and RNA?

Answer 14

RNA has:
U instead of T
single stranded
Ribose instead of deoxyribose

Question 15

What is amount of protein produced determined by?

Answer 15

rate of transcription, rate of splicing, half life of mRNA, rate of processing via polypeptide

Question 16

What is DNA transcribed to?

Answer 16

pre-mRNA

Question 17

How does pre-mRNA become mRNA?

Answer 17

splicing

Question 18

What are polymorphisms?

Answer 18

variations that occur in more than 1% of the population, and that do not cause disease directly, but predispose to common diseases

Question 19

What are mutations?

Answer 19

Variations causing genetic disorders

Question 20

What is the amino acid change in achondroplasia?

Answer 20

glycine to argine

Question 21

What is a multifactorial disease?

Answer 21

Multipolymorphisms causing risk of disease