Introduction to hormonal contraceptives Flashcards
Hormonal methods are safe, effective, and reversible.
True or False?
True
Hormonal methods disrupt an existing pregnancy
False
Hormonal methods interfere with intercourse
False
Hormonal methods protect from AIDS or sexually transmitted infections (STI) in general
False
Hormonal contraceptives methods (HCM) contain one or two hormones. Which are these?
Estrogen and progestine
What is progestin?
It’s a synthetic hormone similar to the progesterone hormone made naturally by the ovaries
What do the hormonal methods do to the uterus?
Thich cervical mucus, which makes harder for the sperm to rise the egg
Disrupt menstrual cycle, incluiding preventing ovulation
How are the HCM delivered into the bloodstream?
- Under skin by an implant
- Implantation on the womb
- An injection
- A pill is taken by mouth
- A skin patch
- A ring that is worn in the vagina next to the cervix
Where is the contraceptive implant placed?
Under the skin of the upper arm
What hormone is released by the implant?
Progestine
For how long is the Jadelle implant effective and how many rods does it have?
5 years of effectiveness
2 rods
For how long is the Implanon implant effective and how many rods does it has?
3 years of effectiveness
One rod system
This HMC is T-shaped
LNG-IUD
Levonorgestrel intra uterine dispositive
Which hormone(s) is released by the IUD?
Levonorgestrel
What is the levonorgestrel?
A second generation of progestine
How is the IUD used?
It is inserted and removed into and from the womb by a trined provider
For how long is the IUD effective?
3-5 years
What is the injectable contraceptive?
It’s an injection that contains either progestine or a compbination of progestine and strogen
For how long is the injectable contraceptive effective?
It depends upon type of injectable
What is the combined oral contraceptive? (COC)
A small pill taken daly that releases a low of both progestine and strogen
What is the effectiveness of the COC?
It depends on taking the pill every day
What is the progestine only pill? (POP)
Small pill taken daily that releases a low of progestine only
What is the effectiveness of the POP?
It depends on takin the pill every day
What do the doctors recomend for maximum effectiveness when taking the POP?
It should be taken daily without exceptions and at the same hour every day within a window of 3 hours or less
Is the COC safe for breastfeeding women?
No.
The POP is
What is the patch?
It’s an small piece of flexible plastic that adheres to the skin
Which hormones does the patch releases?
Progestine and strogen
How often is the patch replaced?
Once a week for 3 consecutive weeks. No patch is worn during the fourth week in order to allow monthly bleeding.
What is the levonorgestrel emergency contraceptive pill? (ECP)
A progentine-only method to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse.
How is the ECP taken?
A single dose of 1.5mg is taken within 5 days or 120 hours after unprotected sex.
Artenatively, a woman can take the pill in two doses, 0.75mg each one, 12 hours apart
What do the doctors recomend for mximum effectiveness when takin the ECP?
It should be taken within 24 for hours AFTER unprotected intercourse
Does the EPC provides ongoing protection against pregnancy?
No. It’s for emergency use only
Effectiveness of contraceptive implant on perfect use
99.95%
Effectiveness of LNG-IUD on perfect use
99.8%
Effectiveness of injectable contraceptives on perfect use
94%
Effectiveness of COC and POP on perfect use
91%
Effectiveness of ECP on perfect use
The ECP does not provide ongoing protection againts pregnancy
Effectiveness of combined vaginal ring on perfect use
91%
Effectiveness of combined skin patch on perfect use
91%
Under what criteria are classified the conditions of eligibility?
Under four categories which reflect the degree of risk associated with the use of the method
Category 1 of eligibility
There are no restrictions to use
Category 2
The method can be provided even if the clinical judgment is limited. Generally use. Some follow up may be needed
Category 3
The method shouldn’t be provided where clinical judgement is limited. Clinical judgement and continuing access to clinical services are required for use
Category 4
The method must not be used
Can a breastfeeding woman take HMC?
It depends on how many weeks has the baby and the type of HMC
Can a post-abortion woman take HMC?
Yes, except for the IUD
Can smoking women take HMC?
It depends on her age and the number of cigarettes she smokes every day
Name the factors for HMC criteria for a woman with hypertension
Blood pressure
Blood pressure can be evaluated or not (history of hypertension)
BP controlled or not
Can a woman with headaches take HMC?
It depends on if it is migrainous or not and with or without aura
Can a woman with cancer take HMC?
It depends on the type of cancer and if she is awaiting treatment or in a current treatment
Can a woman with breast cancer take HMC?
She can only use the IUD
Can a woman with diabetes take HMC?
It depends on if she has nephropathy, retinopathy, or neuropathy and the years she has had diabetes
Can a woman infected with AIDS take HMC?
There is no restriction for the use of HMC even if she’s taking ART, except for the IUD, where special consideration must be required
The health risks when taking HMC are commons
True or false?
False
They are rare
What is the most common, but rare, risk when taking COC?
Strokes and heart attacks
What are the main topics to treat with the client when counseling?
Types and characteristics
Risks and benefits
Costs
