Introduction to Genomics

Question 1

What is the different between genomics and genetics?

Answer 1

GENOMICS is the study of the entire DNA sequence that contains the complete set of genes for an organism.
GENETICS is the study of how traits are passed down the generations, and the role of genes in that process.

They are not the same, but they are similar.

Question 2

Define transcriptomics.

Answer 2

Transcriptomics is the study of all RNA transcripts produced by a cell, tissue or organism.

Question 3

What is the proteome?

Answer 3

The proteome is the entire set of proteins that is, or can be, expressed by a genome, cell, tissue, or organism at a certain time.
It is a source of an additional level of variance.

Question 4

What is the difference between the transcriptome and the proteome?

Answer 4

DNA is transcribed to RNA and the total RNA content produced is the transcriptome.

RNA is translated into protein, and the total protein content produced is the proteome.

Question 5

List our ‘other’ genomes.

Answer 5

Mitochondrial:

• 16 kbp
• many diseases associated with variants

Epigenome:

• changes in marks on the DNA strand or in histones
• some disease associations

Metagenome:

• genomes of all the organisms from a specific location
• some disease associations