introduction to evolution Flashcards
What is a scientific theory?
A theory that is supported by a lot of evidence
Examples include cell theory, atomic theory, and theory of gravity.
What does evolution refer to?
It explains how species develop and adapt through genetic variations, natural selection, and other mechanisms
Why do species change over time?
To adapt to their environment and improve survival.
What are the original sources of genetic variation?
Mutations in the DNA of an organism.
What are the three kinds of mutations?
- Neutral
- Harmful
- Beneficial
What is a harmful mutation?
A mutation that reduces the chances of reproductive success.
What is a beneficial mutation?
A mutation that increases chances of reproductive success and survival.
What are some consequences of mutations?
Can lead to antibiotic resistance in bacteria, pesticide resistance in insects, and virus mutations.
Can humans manipulate or control natural selection?
Yes, through artificial selection.
What is artificial selection?
Controlled breeding that occurs in captivity to direct the breeding of organisms for desired traits.
What was the purpose of the 100 Year Experiment?
To test artificial selection on oil content of seeds.
What is a problem associated with artificial selection?
It can lead to a loss of genetic diversity.
How does loss of genetic diversity affect organisms?
It can reduce the ability to adapt to diseases and increase the appearance of diseases.
Fill in the blank: Evolution is about _______.
change.
True or False: Evolution is a fast process.
False.
