Introduction To Energy Technology

Question 1

Renewable energy

Answer 1

Resources that naturally replenishing but flow limited. They are virtually inexhaustible in duration but limited in the amount of energy that is available per unit of time.

Question 2

Energy sources

Answer 2

1- renewable: energy source that we can use over and over again and can be replaced naturally in a short period of time.
2- non tenewable: an energy source that we are using up and cannot recreate in a short period of time.

Question 3

Renewable energy sources

Answer 3

1- direct solar: solar thermal - pv.
2- indirect solar: wind- hydro - wave - biomass.
3- other: geothermal - tidal

Question 4

Energy

Answer 4

Amount of work its able to do, measured in Joules

Question 5

CO2

Answer 5

People increase - services per person increase - energy per service increase - co2 per energy increase.

Question 6

Energy cycle

Answer 6

Concerns energy evolution in its passage from natural availability to the most suitable form for end use.

Question 7

Energy conversion chain

Answer 7

1- Primary energy to end use: natural gas, coal, wind energy used in mills and sailing.
2- Primary to secondary to end use: chemical ( hydrocarbons) to oil refining to end use.
3- primary to secondary to electric power to end use.
4- primary to electric to end use: nuclear to electric.

Question 8

Secondary energies

Answer 8

Types of energy that allow to transfer energy in space or in time with a view to make it available wherever and whenever needed.

Question 9

Energy problem

Answer 9

Consists in making energy available at the place, time and conditions requested by users, and this for the entire time needed. (Energy security).

Question 10

Natural forms of energy:

Answer 10

1- chemical
2- electrical
3- electromagnetic.
4- mechanical: kinetic , potential and pressure.
5- nuclear.
6- thermal.

Question 11

Chemical energy

Answer 11

Born and bond strength existing at molecular and atomic level in some particular substances.
Example: fossil fuels.

Question 12

Electric power

Answer 12

Form of energy produced by the movement of free electrons in conductors.

Question 13

Electromagnetic energy

Answer 13

Linked to the interaction between electric and magnetic fields, in nature it mainly present in solar radiation.

Question 14

Mechanical energy

Answer 14

1- potential: derives from gravitational pull acting on earth depend on height .
2- pressure: hydraulic, form of energy in a moving fluid.
3- kinetic: movement of bodies, wind energy, hydropower, waves, tides

Question 15

Nuclear energy

Answer 15

Tremendous amount of energy associated with the strong bonds within nucleus of the atom.

Question 16

Thermal energy

Answer 16

Energy of motion occurs within an object as its atoms and molecules vibrate randomly, faster vibrate means more thermal energy
Example: geothermal energy

Question 17

Law of conservation of energy

Answer 17

Energy is converted from one form toanother and no energy is lost.

Question 18

Wasted energy

Answer 18

Energy converted into an undesirable form.

Question 19

Why renewable?

Answer 19

1- resource issues: social Or political issues with electricity generation- dependence on foreign products - political impacts of access to resources- economic issues.
2- output of electricity generation affect sustainability: pollution- cc.
Structure of the atmosphere: trace gases- role of radiation and earth.
3- GHG effect.
4- cc- global warming.

Question 20

GHG emissions

Answer 20

Sox - NOX - ch4 - co- co2